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But the influx of capital has an ominous flip side -- the ballooning U.S. trade deficit, which soared 24 percent in 2004, to $617.7 billion. The dollars spent by Americans on Japanese cars, Chinese televisions and other imported goods end up in the hands of foreigners, who plow them into U.S. Treasury bonds and other securities like the ones sold by Leonard and his fellow traders.
Therein lies a serious worry for many economists: As the deficit mounts, so does America's overall indebtedness to foreigners, which now totals about $3 trillion. That would be less troubling if the money streaming in from overseas were helping to finance a boom in productive assets such as factories and machinery.
But to the contrary, economic data show historic highs in the proportion of U.S. spending on consumption and housing. Not only is the United States piling up debt, it is doing so while consuming at record levels.
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That dark perspective is at odds with the position often taken by Bush administration officials, among others, about the trade deficit (or current account deficit, as its broadest measure is called). The gap, according to the administration, should be viewed in a more positive than negative light, given the eagerness with which foreigners supply funds to the United States.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A51650-2005Feb24.html