As an occupier, General Petraeus did everything right. Then a lot went wrong
Newsweek: Dec. 8 issue - No U.S. commander in Iraq has done a smarter job than Maj. Gen. David Petraeus. Practically every military observer agrees: in the seven months since his troops took charge in the northern city of Mosul, the 101st Airborne Division commander has put in a flawless performance. That’s what’s most troublesome.
Petraeus and his troops have produced a textbook example of waging peace, empowering the civilian populace, repairing the economy, even sending local kids to summer camp. Mosul had the first functioning city council in post-Saddam Iraq. Petraeus has ordered big signs posted in every barracks: WHAT HAVE YOU DONE TO WIN IRAQI HEARTS AND MINDS TODAY? But for the last month or so the public’s mood has turned hostile. Guerrilla attacks, once rare, have become routine. In the past six weeks, 31 of Petraeus’s soldiers have died in action, including one who was killed last Friday in a direct mortar hit on division headquarters. As the general remarked to NEWSWEEK last week, “It’s difficult to be kind when you’re getting shot at.”
Visions of Somalia have begun haunting the place. On Nov. 15, 17 of Petraeus’s men died in a midair collision between two Black Hawk helicopters, apparently caused by enemy ground fire. Eight days later, in a seedy commercial neighborhood, Iraqi assailants killed two GIs in their vehicle, then a mob robbed their corpses. “Two months ago, no one would have thought of staging attacks like this,” says Jassim Mohammed Ali, the owner of a butcher shop just around the corner. “But now the Americans are treating the people of Mosul very badly. They humiliate us.” At a tobacco shop down the street, proprietor Rifat Sayeed shares that anger against the soldiers. “They stop you anywhere they want, search you anywhere they want, men and women,” he says. “They’re not treating us like humans.”
The 101st has tried to do things right. The city had endured weeks of chaos before the Americans arrived. Four rival leaders were claiming to be mayor. Looters, revenge killers and roving armed militias owned the streets. To impose order with a minimum of bloodshed, Petraeus used a massive —airlift, bringing in some 1,600 troops within a few hours. They reached out to the locals by patrolling the streets on foot rather than in tanks and armored vehicles. The general, a veteran of nation-building programs in Haiti and Bosnia, personally worked to broker a power-sharing agreement among local leaders representing Kurds, Christians and Turkomans as well as Arabs. The 101st also opened 400 schools by using $35 million in “commander’s emergency-response funds” confiscated from the previous government, and disbursed a total of $155 million in U.S. aid for local farmers and big infrastructure projects.
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