Too Many Holes in the Dike to Keep it PluggedThe economic news keeps getting better. For most Americans it appears as if the good times are here again. The economy is improving, the job picture has brightened, and stock prices keep heading higher. What’s not to like about this picture? The situation in Iraq remains a bit cloudy if not troublesome, but most Americans are concerned foremost about the economy and not what happens over there. So for now unless a series of rogue waves hits the economy in the form of a major terrorist attack on U.S. soil or a major financial institution’s derivative portfolio blows up, it would appear that it is smooth sailing from here through the elections.
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The financial markets have also remained buoyant thanks to amply supplied liquidity coming from the Fed. However, money supply growth has declined recently and is now negative over the last 13 weeks. This trend is visible across the whole money spectrum from MZM to M1-M3. The Fed is hoping that by keeping interest rates artificially low and below economic growth rates that enough stimulus can be supplied to the markets and the economy to keep momentum going forward. With a fed funds rate of 1% and economic growth rates of 4-7% there are still plenty of stimuli coming from the Fed. The Fed’s main problem is keeping the bond markets pacified and the dollar from plunging. The Fed has gone out of its way to convince bond investors that it will keep short interest rates down. Last week just about every Fed governor on the board was out making speeches in an effort to assuage the bond market’s fears. Keeping bond investors pacified is an important Fed Strategy in keeping long-term interest rates low. The Fed controls short-term rates while the bond market controls long-term rates. By keeping the fed funds rate at 1% the Fed is encouraging the spec community to play the carry trade. Speculators can borrow short-term at interest rates of 1% and then reinvest the borrowed money into long-term Treasuries paying over 5%. The carry trade and foreign central bank purchases of Treasury debt is what is keeping long-term rates artificially low.
There is only one problem with this strategy; it is in direct conflict with the Fed’s other goal of ratcheting up inflation rates in order to avoid asset deflation. The Fed is deeply concerned about asset deflation occurring in the financial markets. Falling stock prices such as we experienced in 2000-2002 created all kinds of problems from debt defaults to economic contraction. The Fed needs to keep all of the financial bubbles inflated—from stocks to bonds and from mortgages to real estate. However,
the more money and liquidity it injects into the financial system the greater danger there is of that ocean of money spilling over into the real economy. Commodity prices are already hitting new records not seen in decades. Today copper prices rose to their biggest gains in over two years. Copper for March delivery rose 4.7 cents or 5.1% to 96.1 cents, a level that is close to a six-year high. Gold prices also hit a 7-year high today with the price of real money closing at $403.80, up $5.80 on the session.
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Right now there is nothing supporting the dollar other than near universal bearishness. Interest rates in the U.S. are among the lowest in the world, the trade deficit continues to climb while foreign investors have been lightening up on their U.S. investments. As the trade deficit grows larger over the next year it is highly unlikely that foreign savings will be large enough to finance the deficit. If it were not for Asian central banks the dollar would be much lower and interest rates in the U.S. would be much higher. Asian central banks have been instrumental in keeping the dollar’s fall orderly, intervening when necessary when it appears the dollar is ready to crumble. The crack in the dollar is another major hole in the dike that appears to be widening.
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