game.
Russiahttp://www.russiajournal.com/news/cnews-article.shtml?nd=41436MOSCOW - Russia’s gold and foreign currency reserves amounted to $65.4bn as of November 14, 2003, against $64.7bn a week earlier, the Central Bank reported Thursday. This is an all time record. The previous record of $64.9bn was set on June 20, 2003, and it was repeated on July 4 and October 31.
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However, this year, unlike last year, Central Bank officials have not said a word about the Central Bank’s massive interventions on the foreign exchange market. The market situation is such that domestic demand for dollars is currently low and unlikely to rise any time soon, while the supply of dollars is high due to high oil prices. Under the circumstances, the Central Bank is doing its best to protect the dollar.
Indeed, the Central Bank has not allowed the dollar to fall below 29.7950 RUR/USD over the past two weeks. Sergey Ignatyev, Chairman of the Central Bank, has said recently that the Bank would try to prevent the ruble’s effective exchange rate from rising by more than 6 percent. From Monday to Thursday, the Central Bank had to buy foreign currency from banks. According to different estimates, the Central Bank has purchased about $300m to $400m this week on the open market alone. Perhaps, the bank also purchased dollars directly from exporters.
Asia - SKorea, Thailandhttp://news.ft.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=FT.com/StoryFT/FullStory&c=StoryFT&cid=1073281076842snip>
South Korea has now restricted the dollar amount overseas investors can sell to domestic players via the non-deliverable forwards market. The move is designed to head off the sort of speculative activity that led to the currency crises of 1997 and 1998 by curbing the bets foreigners can place on currency direction.
The won weakened on the news but stayed near recent highs due to strong investor interest in the region.
According to UBS, foreigners poured more than $2.8bn into the region in the first full trading week of 2004 - a record weekly flow and far higher than the average $520m the bank saw each week in 2003.
Overseas investors are buying Asian equities to take advantage of the region's relative cheapness and its exposure to a recovering global economy.
But Korea intervened heavily last year to stem currency strength and - judging by yesterday's announcement - it intends to continue fighting.
It is not alone. Japan spent Y20,000bn on intervention last year and is planning to raise the ceiling sharply on the amount it can spend this year. Thailand last year announced similar measures to Korea's, and this week warned it would intervene if the baht continued to strengthen.
Latin Americahttp://sg.biz.yahoo.com/040114/15/3h9fy.htmlsnip>
But whereas Asian central banks have long been intervening in currency markets - typically buying U.S. fixed-income securities - to keep the falling value of the dollar from eating into exports, Latin American policy makers are for the most part just starting to get into the game.
"It's starting to look a little bit Asian," said Guillermo Estebanez, currency strategist at Bank of America in San Francisco. "It's not to say that investments aren't going to continue to flow to (Latin America), but it's probably going to reflect more in gains in equity or debt markets than in currency markets."
Brazilhttp://www.forbes.com/home_europe/newswire/2004/01/14/rtr1210513.htmlSAO PAULO, Brazil, Jan 14 (Reuters) - Brazil's financial markets drifted lower on Wednesday for the second day in a row as investors locked in gains following a heady surge kicking off the new year and waited for the central bank to buy dollars.
The country's currency, the real <BRBY>, backtracked 0.29 percent to 2.815 per dollar in cautious trade after the Central Bank said it would intervene and buy greenbacks later in the session for the fifth day running.
Singaporehttp://business-times.asia1.com.sg/story/0,4567,105203,00.htmlSINGAPORE's official foreign reserves last year surged 17 per cent to US$96.3 billion - double the 8.5 per cent growth in 2002 - as the Monetary Authority of Singapore tried to keep the currency 'neutral'.
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Adds Simon Flint, Bank of America strategist for Asia: 'It's a fair interpretation to say that the central has been intervening from time to time, buying foreign currencies, smoothing appreciation.'
But unlike in other Asian countries, the intervention has not come at a cost, because Singapore's domestic interest rates are lower than those associated with the US dollar.
Mr Flint notes that the cost of intervention for other Asian central banks resulted from the difference between their higher domestic rates and holding lower-interest US Government bonds.
'This argument does not apply to Singapore, where domestic interest rates are lower than the US$ Sibor rate, reflecting the confidence in the S$ and hence the discount it enjoys in the market,' the MAS spokesman said. Sibor refers to the Singapore interbank offered rate.
Intervention for Singapore has been 'free', according to Mr Flint
Only one not playing, or at least claiming not is ECBhttp://www.forbes.com/markets/newswire/2004/01/13/rtr1208477.htmlLONDON, Jan 13 (Reuters) - European central bankers face tough choices on how to deal with the relentless rise of their currency and its impact on the euro zone economy, but the image of the euro itself may be a worry too.
Since its launch in 1999, the euro has established itself as the world's second largest currency but the dollar still dominates international finance.
The euro's image suffered in 2000 when it dived to record lows and had to be rescued by central bank intervention.
Now the tide has turned analysts believe the European Central Bank will examine any potential responses to its breakneck rise, including intervention in foreign exchange markets, for their effect not only on the economy but also on the currency's credibility and international standing.
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"If the ECB has ambitions for the euro to pose a serious alternative to the dollar as a global reserve currency, they would want to keep it strong and stable," UBS wrote in a recent research note.
"And, perhaps more importantly, (they must) not be seen by the market as manipulating currency values."
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Few analysts expect the ECB to try forcing down the currency just yet by stepping into the market as it is likely to get little help from peers such as the U.S. Federal Reserve.
The chief argument is that intervention could push up euro zone inflation. This would be difficult for the ECB to accept when euro zone inflation is running just above target.
But the euro's credibility might be another argument against intervention.