Answers.com's History of 1981
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Japan's gross national product reaches $9,925 per person, up from $2,195 in 1971; her trade surplus with the United States reaches $15.8 billion, up from $3.2 billion; and her private sector employs 54 million people, up from 51 million.
The U.S. economy continues to falter, with inflation at 14 percent and unemployment at 7.4 percent, but President Reagan reveals a program for economic recovery February 18, calling for cuts in 83 federal programs. He announces plans in March to cut taxes and reduce the federal budget by $130.5 billion.
The price of silver stabilizes at $12 per ounce March 28, down from $40 in January.
The U.S. prime-interest rate reaches 21.5 percent, highest since the Civil War, as double-digit inflation and high unemployment plague the economy.
President Reagan signals a tough new policy towards organized labor August 6 by dismissing air traffic controllers who have defied his return-to-work order. Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (Patco) has struck August 3, demanding a 4-day week and a $10,000-a-year raise. Only 2,000 Patco members remain on the job. Patco is decertified as the bargaining body for air traffic controllers in October and files for bankruptcy in November.
President Reagan signs a bill August 13 mandating the
deepest tax and budget cuts in U.S. history. Designed to save taxpayers $750 billion over the course of 5 years, it follows "supply-side" economic theories that reject Keynesian ideas popular since the 1930s. Supply-siders led by California economist Arthur Laffer, 40, claim that reducing taxes will encourage business and the rich to invest in taxable activities rather than parking income in nonproductive tax shelters and will thus help the overall economy. While "Reaganomics" will be credited with producing the longest peacetime boom in history,
it will also lead to neglect of cities, deterioration of infrastructure, and massive deficits financed by foreign borrowing (see tax increase, 1982).President Reagan addresses the nation on television September 29 appealing for
fiscal austerity and asking for an additional $13 billion in spending cuts for fiscal 1982. He
astonishes supply-siders by requesting $3 billion in tax increases. Texas-born White House budget director David A. (Allen) Stockman, 36, has proposed in May that early retirement benefits available at age 62 under Social Security be cut drastically, and reports now circulate that Reagan is considering a 3-month freeze on the annual cost-of-living increase in over-all Social Security benefits.
Payroll taxes rise this year to 13.0 percent (6.65 percent each for employee and employer), up from 1 percent each in 1949, and the maximum income subject to payroll deduction is $29,700, up from $3,000 (see 1983).
America's top 10 CEOs receive an average of $3.5 million per year in compensation and there are complaints about the widening gap between the pay of top management and middle management (see 1988).
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