The seven members of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate. A full term is fourteen years. One term begins every two years, on February 1 of even-numbered years. A member who serves a full term may not be reappointed. A member who completes an unexpired portion of a term may be reappointed. All terms end on their statutory date regardless of the date on which the member is sworn into office.
The Chairman and the Vice Chairman of the Board are named by the President from among the members and are confirmed by the Senate. They serve a term of four years. A member's term on the Board is not affected by his or her status as Chairman or Vice Chairman.
http://www.federalreserve.gov/aboutthefed/bios/board/default.htmCurrent members are Ben S. Bernanke, Chairman, Donald L. Kohn, Vice Chairman, Kevin M. Warsh, Elizabeth A. Duke, Daniel K. Tarullo
Ben Bernanke
Bernanke was educated at East Elementary, J. V. Martin Junior High, and Dillon High School, where he was class valedictorian. At age 11, Bernanke won the state spelling bee competition but finished 26th overall at the national competition in Washington, tripping up on the word “edelweiss.” Bernanke also taught himself calculus, edited the school newspaper, and achieved a near-perfect SAT score of 1590 out of 1600.<10> He was also an All-State saxophonist, playing in the school’s marching band.<11>
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Bernanke spent his undergraduate years at Harvard University and graduated with a BA in economics summa cum laude in 1975. To support himself throughout college, he worked during the summers at South of the Border, a roadside attraction in his hometown of Dillon.<3><12> He received a PhD in economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1979. His thesis was named "Long-term commitments, dynamic optimization, and the business cycle" and his thesis adviser was Stanley Fischer.<13>
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Bernanke taught at the Stanford Graduate School of Business from 1979 until 1985, was a visiting professor at New York University and went on to become a tenured professor at Princeton University in the Department of Economics. He chaired that department from 1996 until September 2002, when he went on public service leave. He resigned his position at Princeton July 1, 2005. Dr. Bernanke served as a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System from 2002 to 2005, and was Chairman of the President's Council of Economic Advisers, from June 2005 to January 2006. On February 1, 2006, he was appointed as a member of the Board for a fourteen-year term and to a four-year term as Chairman.<14>
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_BernankeDonald L. Kohn
Kohn was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He received a B.A. in economics in 1964 from The College of Wooster and a Ph.D. in economics in 1971 from the University of Michigan. Kohn and his wife, Gail, have two children, Laura and Jeffrey, both married with children.
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Kohn is a veteran of the Federal Reserve System. Before becoming a member of the Board, he served on its staff as Adviser to the Board for Monetary Policy (2001-02), Secretary of the Federal Open Market Committee (1987-2002), Director of the Division of Monetary Affairs (1987-2001), and Deputy Staff Director for Monetary and Financial Policy (1983-87). He also held several positions in the Board's Division of Research and Statistics--Associate Director (1981-83), Chief of Capital Markets (1978-81), and Economist (1975-78). Dr. Kohn began his career as a Financial Economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City (1970-75).
Kohn took office as a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve on August 5, 2002 for a full term ending January 31, 2016. On May 18, 2006, the White House announced that Kohn had been nominated by President George W. Bush to replace Roger W. Ferguson, Jr. as the new vice chairman of the Federal Reserve System for a four-year term. The United States Senate approved his nomination, and Kohn began serving his four-year term as Vice Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System on June 23, 2006.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_KohnKevin Warsh
Warsh grew up near Albany and attended Shaker High School in Latham. He received an A.B. in public policy (with honors) from Stanford University in 1992 with a concentration in economics and political science. He went on to study law at Harvard Law School and received a J.D. (cum laude) in 1995. He also took coursework in market economics and debt capital markets at Harvard Business School and the MIT Sloan School of Management.
From 1995 to 2002, Warsh worked for Morgan Stanley in New York City, ultimately becoming a Vice President and Executive Director in the company's Mergers and Acquisitions Department. In 2002 Warsh married Jane Lauder, a granddaughter and heiress of Estée Lauder, who is currently General Manager of Origins, an Estée Lauder company.<3>
From 2002 to 2006, Warsh was Special Assistant to the President for Economic Policy, and Executive Secretary of the National Economic Council. His primary areas of responsibility included domestic finance, banking and securities regulatory policy, and consumer protection. He advised the President and senior administration officials on issues related to the U.S. economy, particularly fund flows in the capital markets, securities, banking, and insurance issues. Warsh participated in the President's Working Group on Financial Markets and served as the administration's chief liaison to the independent financial regulatory agencies.
President Bush nominated Warsh and Randall Kroszner to fill two Fed vacancies on January 27, 2006. Warsh's nomination drew some criticism, based on his age (at 35 years old, he was the youngest appointment in the history of the Federal Reserve) and inexperience (Warsh is an attorney, not a trained economist). At the time, former Fed vice chairman Preston Martin said it (Warsh's nomination) was "not a good idea" and that if he had a voice in the Senate, he would vote no.<4> However, Warsh impressed colleagues, especially Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke, with his insights and political savvy,<5> and he has played a significant role in navigating the financial market turmoil of 2007 and 2008. <6>
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_WarshElizabeth A. Duke
Elizabeth Duke was born in Portsmouth, Virginia and grew up in Virginia Beach, Virginia. She first studied physics at North Carolina State University before transferring to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where she graduated with a bachelor of fine arts in drama in 1974. After graduating, she worked as a part-time teller at First and Merchants National Bank in Virginia Beach because she "needed a job."
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In 1978, she became the vice president and chief financial officer of the Bank of Virginia Beach. While working full time, she attended Old Dominion University part time and received her MBA in 1983. She transferred to the Bank of Tidewater in 1985 as vice president and chief financial officer. She became its president in 1987 and chief executive officer in 1991. She was selected as a director of the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond in 1998 and, in 1999, she was elected president of the Virginia Bankers Association. Duke remained as president and CEO of Bank of Tidewater until it was acquired by SouthTrust in 2001. SouthTrust made her executive vice president of community bank development. When Wachovia acquired SouthTrust in 2004, Duke remained an executive VP, but in charge of the merger project office. She was also elected chairman of the American Bankers Association for the 2004-05 year. In 2005, she became senior executive vice president and chief operating officer of TowneBank. She was nominated to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve by President George W. Bush on May 15, 2007.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_A._DukeDaniel K. Tarullo
Daniel K. Tarullo, a former economic official in the Clinton administration, is expected to become a member of the Federal Reserve board in Washington. A law professor at Georgetown University Law Center, he led President-elect Barack Obama’s transition team at the Treasury Department, and is considered an expert in international economic regulation.
The selection of Mr. Tarullo to fill one of two vacant seats on the Fed's board, will allow Mr. Obama to begin making his mark on the nation's bank. All of the current board members, including the chairman Ben S. Bernanke, were hand-picked by President Bush.
Mr. Tarullo graduated summa cum laude in 1977 from the University of Michigan Law School; he received an A.B. from Georgetown in 1973 and an M.A. at Duke University in 1974.
http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/t/daniel_k_tarullo/index.htmlSo, the board of the Federal Reserve is made up of three academics and two bankers. Hard to tell the business affiliations if any of the academics -- at least from the bios that I found.