BELFAST, Northern Ireland (AP) -- When London police killed an innocent Brazilian in a hunt for suicide bombers, they reopened a ''shoot-to-kill'' debate that for decades haunted British efforts to combat the Irish Republican Army.
Throughout the 1980s, undercover police and soldiers repeatedly ambushed IRA units -- and killed both unarmed IRA members and civilians in the process. Those events inspired decades of legal action and international criticism, particularly from Irish Americans, who argued that deadly force was not justified.
Now, as then, the questions bedeviling the British government and their security forces are twofold: When is it defensible, legally and morally, to shoot a suspected terrorist? And what should the punishment be when an operation goes too far?
British authorities have denied ever sanctioning a ''shoot-to-kill'' policy in their campaign against the IRA, which killed 1,800 people and repeatedly bombed towns and cities in England and Northern Ireland before calling a cease-fire in 1997.
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