http://www.cbc.ca/news/viewpoint/vp_zolf/20040126.htmlThe problem is what happened to left-wing liberalism in the process. Chrétien let Martin do all the budget dirty work and remained the liddle guy from Shawinigan. Though a millionaire himself, Chrétien was not the darling of Bay Street and he wanted it that way. In his choice of cabinet ministers, Chrétien moved leftish. Under Chrétien both left-wing Liberals Sheila Copps and Herb Gray flourished as deputy prime ministers. So did Lloyd Axworthy, the leftish foreign affairs minister.
Chrétien never made any false moves against the left wing of his party and that party unity paid off with three election victories in a row. Chrétien sold his left wing on the country's need for more fiscal conservatism as the only way to get the money for social reforms to come. No major left-right schism occurred under the Chrétien watch.
Chrétien had learned his politics under Pierre Trudeau, who in turn had learned his from the left-wing Liberal regime of Lester Pearson. It was Pearson who allowed Trudeau to push his One Canada bilingualism and multiculturalism themes. It was Pearson who let Trudeau decriminalize homosexuality and abortion.
Because the Liberals were in a minority situation all the way from 1963 to 1968, left-wing liberalism worked. The NDP was then content to bask in the role of propping up the government. With Pearson came the Canada Pension Plan and medicare, two pillars of left-wing liberalism. Pearson had his right wing ministers like Mitchell Sharp and Bob Winters to make sure that he didn't move too far left too soon.