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that is flawed.
What is this business about "deserving" X? Exactly whom are we speaking about when we say "the French imperialists" or "the American imperialists"? If the form of the question is "Did X deserve what they got," then, it is broken and meaningless at several levels.
First, X has no concrete referent. Are we referring to the soldiers on the French and American sides? We must admit that they were not a homogenous group. We know, for example, (from Bernard Fall's great books on the French Indochina war, "Street without Joy" and "Hell in a Very Small Place: The Siege of Dien Bien Phu,") that the French forces in Vietnam were among the most varied forces ever put into a field, comprised as they were of local troops - both volunteers and those pressganged into service - colonial troops from sub-Saharan Africa and Algeria, the French foreign legion, (including German POWs from WWII who were starved into volunteering), and French troops proper. Hardly an easy group to categorize under the vague term "French imperialists." Moreover, the question then turns on whether the term means "those controlling the war back in France" (i.e., the Gaullists and their capitalist/ traditionalist political allies), or even whether any persons can be called to account, or whether we are dealing rather with an ideological/ social system that speaks through people. A giant muddle, in any case. The same criticism could be applied to the notion of "American imperialists." Are we referring to the troops on the ground - a varied mixture of volunteers and draftees, of privileged and oppressed classes, including large numbers of oppressed minorities, within the larger American social configuration, together with similar elements of local forces, Australians, Korean Marines, etc., etc., etc. Or to the "powerful" players within the American political/economic system, or to the ideological social forces that composed and drove the policy? Again, the term has no referent whatsoever. On that basis alone, we can say that the question makes no sense.
Second, the whole notion of "deserves" is senseless in this context as well, (although such resentiment is typical of those unable to think in terms of systematics). What do we mean by "deserve" here? Clearly, the effects of the resistance movements (both of the Viet Minh and later the NLF and PAVN) were not uniform, nor were they designed as "punishments." We have a political struggle here, and it cannot be displaced on to a moral struggle without confusion. Of course, in the US the "moral" struggle has taken precedence - perhaps because of the dissonance between the activities undertaken by the US state apparatus in Indochina (political) and the mythological self-image most Americans cling to of their broken polity (moral). In order to finesse or paper over the political struggle, then, Americans tend to default to moral questions - both in the positive and the negative ("Yes, 'they' deserved it." or "No, 'they' did not deserve it.") In either case, the fundamental mistake is the same, and the confusion is deadly. (This is one of the reasons why Americans can't understand the seeming Vietnamese "forgiveness" about the war: the Vietnamese always viewed the war as a political, and not a moral, struggle, while Americans were and are unable to distinguish the two levels of action and judgment).
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