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Edited on Wed Jun-09-04 12:55 AM by Yupster
I've stated my views before.
To sum, my complaints against Lincoln are ...
* in the decades before the Civil War, both political parties recognized how divided the country was and took careful steps to not worsen the situation. For instance each presidential candidate regardless of party picked a VP candidate from the opposite region. Even in 1860 when the Dems broke into a northern candidate (Douglas) and a southern candidate (Breckinridge), they each found VP's to run from the other region. Breckinridge had to go to Oregon, a state for all of one year to find a northerner who would run with him, but he found him. Douglas found a VP from Georgia. Lincoln campaigned as a regional candidate and completely ignored the southern and border states. That flew right into their belief that once he was elected, they would be ignored or worse.
* Back then the president-elect period was four months long. I think Lincoln handled his pre-inauguration period awfully. By December, S Carolina had seceeded, but that was all. The best known politicians in the south had decided to stay in Washington at great risk to their political futures to serve on Senator Crittendem's senate committee to try to come to some compromise that would keep the southern states in the union. While senators Davis, Benjamin and Toombs were putting their careers on the line to try to save the Union, and Republican Senator Seward was trying to keep the group together, the effort was doomed, because Lincoln refused to meet with the group, or even give instructions to Seward on what the Republicans could propose.
Popular opinion in states like Mississippi and Louisiana was probably a lost cause, and only the intervention of top politicians like Davis or Benjamin could have kept those states in the union. However, popular opinion in the larger southern states, Virginia, Tennessee and North Carolina was more evenly split. In Fact Tennessee had a popular vote as to whether to call a secession convention or not, and the call failed narrowly keeping Tennessee in the union.
I think Lincoln should have spent his time either negotiating with southerners of good faith like Davis and Benjamin, or at least touring the pro-union regions of the border states. He could have at least offered top cabinet jobs to key southern moderates. Instead he spent his time holding rallies in the great cities of the north while six more states ended up seceeding.
* Even after being inaugurated, it was not a lost cause though. Without Tennessee, Virginia and N Carolina, the Confederacy would not have the population base or industry to field a credible army. The Confederacy knew this and sent their brightest stars to those states to lobby them out of the union. Anti-secessionist who became Confederate VP Alexander Hamilton Stevens was sent to Richmond to lobby for Virginia's secession. How did Lincoln respond? He called forth the militia and ordered each state to provide a required number of regiments for the invasion of the south. Brilliant strategy. He forced the border states to make up their minds which side they were on, and Virginia, N Carolina and Tennessee seceeded soon after. Tennessee had another vote to secede and this time the voters passed it overwhelmingly. Quite the diplomat that Abe, and his soldiers would regret those states leaving and taking with them Generals Lee, Jackson, AP Hill, JEB Stuart, Johnston, Ewell, and Forrest. North Carolina lost more men in the war than any other state.
* Then of course there are the Constitutional abuses. The president calling forth the militia. Arresting the members of the Maryland legislature, throwing the former Governor of Ohio out of the country, suspending Habeus Corpus, shutting down newspapers, and what about the Emancipation Proclamation? Owning slaves was not just a right, it was a Constitutionally guaranteed Right. Sure makes it easier to amend the Constitution when the president can do it himself with the stroke of a pen.
Anyway, those are some of the reasons that I think Lincoln is wildly overrated.
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