Novak said the CIA asked him not to disclose Plame's name, "but never indicated it would endanger her or anybody else," and that he was led to believe that she was "an analyst, not a spy, not a covert operative, and not in charge of undercover operatives."
Novak was wrong on those accounts, according to the CIA. "We wouldn't file a crimes report (if the case didn't involve an agent undercover)," a U.S. official said.
A 1982 federal law specifically prohibits the unauthorized disclosure of the identity of a clandestine intelligence officer. Nobody has been prosecuted under the law, according to Steven Aftergood, director of the project on government secrecy at the Federation of American Scientists.
U.S. intelligence officials declined to discuss details of the case, but said exposing an operative's identity is a serious breach with unpredictable consequences. It not only deprives the operative of being able to work undercover in the future, but threatens to expose her sources, some of whom might be risking their lives to share secrets with the CIA. Outing an officer also places in jeopardy any CIA operative who replaced her in her overseas "cover," often a diplomatic post at a U.S. embassy.
http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-leak30sep30,1,7004579.story?coll=la-home-headlines