From
http://www.units.muohio.edu/psybersite/cults/cco.shtml :
"Research on the topic of conformity began in 1951, when Solomon Asch performed a series of renowned studies. In his studies, Asch used groups of seven to nine people who were told they were participating in a study on visual perception. These subjects were asked to match the length of a standard line to three comparison lines. One would think that this would be a relatively easy exercise, but Asch's groups only contained one real subject. The rest of the group was made up of confederates who were instructed to unanimously give incorrect responses in some trials. The results of this experiment found that the control group made errors only five percent of the time. Those exposed to the incorrect responses conformed to these answers 33% of the time, with 75% of these subjects conforming at least once. This shows how easily it is to make a person conform in a group situation."
That is, 75% of all people tested were brought to say they perceived a visibly shorter line to be longer than a visibly longer line, simply by putting them in a group affirming this incorrect statement.
When dealing with issues much more complicated and nebulous than the lengths of lines, how much easier to persuade the masses of falsehood--IF you control most of the media!
There's an initiative that far as I know is still pending in Congress, to rollback consolidation and bring back the Fairness Doctrine. If you haven't written your reps. about it already, I urge you to do it now. Info at:
http://www.democraticunderground.com/discuss/duboard.php?az=view_all&address=109x21930 , citing
http://mediachannel.org/blog/node/189 .