with respect to the role of religion and women's rights.
In the Ottoman empire, family law or personal status law was under the jurisdiction of constituent religious groups. (In a sense, this was a step in the direction of freedom: Western Europe handled its minority religious groups, at first, by killing them.)
So a Christian divorce would be handled by the christian religious authorities, the disposition of the property of a muslim after death would be handled according to muslim law, muslim charities would be governed and controlled by muslim religious, rabbis held sway over the personal family law of the jews.
See related post,
http://www.democraticunderground.com/discuss/duboard.php?az=view_all&address=209x2194In fact, modern day Israel still uses the religious courts and a practice patterned after the Ottomans.
http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Branches%20of%20Government/Judicial/The%20Judiciary-%20The%20Court%20SystemTherefore, the questions are: is there a secular ideal of equality and fairness and individual autonomy that is going to be a law superior of any religious dictates? Or will the religious law be upheld no matter how crazy? And if so, how can there be democracy in the "public" sphere if women are without any rights or power due to their "family" rights or lack thereof?
And who is going to tell Iraq to look to Israel for an example of a relatively democratic place with an established religion and minority religious groups?