Damage to Oil and Gas Facilities Pushes U.S. Closer to Energy Crisis
By RUSSELL GOLD and THADDEUS HERRICK
Staff Reporters of THE WALL STREET JOURNAL
September 2, 2005; Page A1
Hurricane Katrina's continuing disruption of a substantial portion of the Gulf Coast's vast network of refineries and pipelines is pushing the U.S. closer to a 1970s-style energy crisis, straining the oil industry's ability to deliver gasoline from Florida to Colorado, sending prices into uncharted territory and triggering panic among drivers in some areas. Long gas lines were reported in Denver, Indianapolis, Hartford, Conn., Atlanta and Orlando, Fla., among other cities. In Charlotte, N.C., between 13% and 15% of stations had no gasoline and prices have soared as much as 70 cents a gallon in those stations that still have fuel to peddle, said Tom Crosby, a local AAA official there.
President Bush took the unusual step yesterday of urging Americans not to buy gasoline if they don't have to. "Americans should be prudent in their use of energy," he said in brief Oval Office remarks. "Don't buy gas if you don't need it." The president also made it easier for tankers to bring in gasoline from Europe, which has excess capacity for the fuel as motorists there increasingly buy diesel-powered cars. Wednesday, Mr. Bush temporarily lowered U.S. environmental standards that also eased the way for European gasoline.
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"In terms of the scale and impact on the American market, this is comparable to the oil embargo" of 1973 and 1974, said Jay E. Fakes, head of the federal Energy Information Administration from 1993 to 2000. The only answer, he says, is immediate conservation. His call for drivers to cut back was echoed by such oil-industry heavyweights as the American Petroleum Institute and the Petroleum Marketers Association of America.
The industry's ability to snuff out the gasoline-price spike is critical because if the crunch persists, it has the potential to significantly slow the U.S. and global economies or even trigger a recession... But signs of stress are emerging. Home values may be peaking. The government reported yesterday that the personal-saving rate dipped into negative territory for just the first time since the weeks after the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, suggesting consumers are going into debt to support their spending habits. A sustained gasoline-price shock, many economists warn, could help tip the economy into a recession.
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While the triggering event for the country's energy squeeze was the destruction Katrina unleashed on the vital gasoline-producing region of Louisiana and Mississippi, the scene was set for this catastrophe by both drivers and the energy industry. U.S. drivers pump 11% of the world's crude oil into their tanks in the form of gasoline, and increasingly over the past couple of decades they have been buying gas-guzzling SUVs and pickup trucks.
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--Chip Cummins and Steve LeVine contributed to this article.
Write to Russell Gold at russell.gold@wsj.com and Thaddeus Herrick at thaddeus.herrick@wsj.com
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