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Edited on Sun Sep-28-03 04:25 PM by FloridaJudy
Virtually every woman with at least one working ovary is going to get cysts at some point or other in her life.
When the ovary releases an egg, the follicle the egg burst from closes and forms a cyst, called the "corpus luteum". Should the egg be fertilized, the corpus luteum continues to secrete progesterone, which supports the uterine lining and the growing embryo. Should pregnancy *not* occur, the body sends the ovary the message "Oops! Better luck next time...", and the corpus luteum - usually - whithers away.
Every once in a a while, these cysts will persist even if the woman is not pregnant. Menses will be delayed, and the woman might experience some lower abdominal pain due to the growing cyst: such a condition is called a "persistent corpus luteum", and 99.99% of the time it's harmless, albeit uncomfortable. Just keeping an eye on the fool thing with ultrasound and clinical exams is all that's needed.
The tricky thing is that those symptoms are also typical of an ectopic pregnancy - a whopping surgical emergency that can cause a woman to bleed to death in hours if not diagnosed in time. Also - very rarely - these cysts can reach such an enormous size that they can twist and compromise the blood supply to the ovary, yet another surgical emergency.
It sounds very much as if your doctor is doing the right thing - carefully keeping an eye on your ultrasounds.
Generally speaking, the finding of small follicular cysts on an ultrasound is normal. Anything over 10 centimeters (about 4 inches) needs to be watched closely, and anything called a "complex cyst" deserves even closer investigation, since these can potentially be either ectopic pregnancies or (mostly) benign ovarian tumors.
There's also something called "Polycystic Ovarian Disorder", that's another thing entirely, as are cysts caused by endometriosis.
If you get a lot of cysts, and they are particularly painful, some practitioners will manage them by giving low-dose birth control pills, particularly the new ones that are taken continuously for three months. They tend to "quiet" the ovaries, so that they're much better behaved. If you're not a candidate for birth control pills - either because you're over thirty-five and smoke, or have some other serious medical condition, there's a drug called "depo-lupron" that does the same thing, but a woman would have to be in a *lot* of pain to put up with the side-effects of that (try "the Menopause from Hell". I did).
This is probably *way* more information than you wanted, but I couldn't help myself: this is how I make my living!
Write and let me know what happens. And if your doctor can give you a definate name for your diagnosis, I can steer you to some web-sites that can help you even more.
FloridaJudy - OB/GYN Nurse Practitioner
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