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since my great-grandparents, who came over in 1899, both lived to be over 90.
I grew up hearing people switch back and forth between German and English. My maternal grandmother and her siblings all spoke German at home, and when they got together as adults, the conversation would move smoothly between languages. I noticed that they tended to tell stories in the language that they had happened in. For example, a conversation about an incident in their childhood would drift into German.
Meanwhile, my Latvian grandfather seemed to know every Latvian refugee in Minneapolis. When ever we went to my grandparents' house, there were Latvians on the phone or Latvians in the living room.
My father's family, unfortunately, were the only Norwegians in their small town, and gave up the language due to peer pressure. After long association with my mother's relatives, he was able to stretch his one semester of college German into a pretty good understanding of what was going on.
When I was little, I thought everyone could speak at least two languages. I could understand German pretty well, although I didn't try to speak it until my grandmother's cousin came to stay for the summer when I was 13. She spoke no English at all, so I started trying to put sentences together.
The original Old Country people are all dead now, and the people in the extended family who are younger than me and my brothers (40s and 50s) are mostly monolingual in English. However, there is one cousin about 15 years older than me who married a German and has bilingual children who are now in their late 30s.
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