Democratic Underground Latest Greatest Lobby Journals Search Options Help Login
Google

Do animals have souls?

Printer-friendly format Printer-friendly format
Printer-friendly format Email this thread to a friend
Printer-friendly format Bookmark this thread
This topic is archived.
Home » Discuss » The DU Lounge Donate to DU
 
begin_within Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:13 AM
Original message
Poll question: Do animals have souls?
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
Wcross Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:22 AM
Response to Original message
1. Of course they do.
Are we so vain as to think only homo sapiens are capable of having a soul?
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
begin_within Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:24 AM
Response to Reply #1
2. Well, I just read in a Catholic publication that they don't. But what do
Catholics know about it - I am an ex-Catholic myself and I know that most of their dogma is baloney anyway. Sorry if this offends any current Catholics.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
LostinVA Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:57 AM
Response to Reply #2
33. When I was little, my priest told animals did have souls
That they were living, thinking beings like us. And, that saying they didn't wasn't something I had to believe to be Catholic.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
begin_within Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 04:35 PM
Response to Reply #33
52. What I read it in recently was a local Catholic newspaper, published by a
wealthy Catholic family in the area, not any official publication of the church itself. So I guess the opinion expressed in the edtiorial that animals do not have souls (arguing against a lot of animal-rights activists) was just the opinion of that paper and not of the church officially.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Solitaire Donating Member (745 posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 08:52 PM
Response to Reply #52
64. of course they have souls, remember...
"If you have men who will exclude any of God's creatures from the shelter of compassion and pity, you will have men who will deal likewise with their fellow men." St. Francis of Assisi

So many saints and scholars loved animals.

If you cant look into their eyes and see their soul, then I'm not sure how to convince anyone.

Sol :)
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
SOteric Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:57 AM
Response to Reply #2
34. Actually, the Catholic position is that animals do have souls.
But only humans have immortal souls.

And if you'd ever met my cat you'd know he's got more of a soul than most of my coworkers.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
begin_within Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 04:34 PM
Response to Reply #34
51. Well, what I read it in was a local Catholic newspaper, not any official
publication of the Cahtolic church. So maybe the opinion expressed in the edtiorial that animals do not have souls (arguing against a lot of animal-rights activists) was just the opinion of that paper and not of the church officially.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
tigereye Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:27 AM
Response to Original message
3. flame war #305, coming right up!


Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
begin_within Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:32 AM
Response to Reply #3
6. What is the key difference between a discussion and a flame war?
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
tigereye Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:38 AM
Response to Reply #6
9. sadly, there don't seem to be discussions much anymore
it seems that the "big" questions seem to produce polarization. I guess I've just been around here too long, that's all.


It is a good question, you actually did make me think about a series of novels called Canopus in Argos by Doris Lessing, which touched on this topic in a philosophical way.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
RevCheesehead Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:29 AM
Response to Original message
4. I said yes, but I'm not sure about Freepers and Trolls.
:hide:
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Jokerman Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:29 AM
Response to Original message
5. Don't know exactly what a soul is but...
If I have one, then so do my cats.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
SteppingRazor Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:33 AM
Response to Original message
7. No, but neither do humans
:evilgrin:
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
YankeyMCC Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:20 AM
Response to Reply #7
24. What you said :)
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
ComerPerro Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:38 AM
Response to Reply #7
30. I was thinking along the same lines
But if by soul, the OP meant that divine spark or whatever it is that makes us who we are and makes us differnt and unique, then yes, animals most certainly have souls.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Ravenseye Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 12:25 PM
Response to Reply #7
36. agreed
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
cobalt1999 Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 12:30 PM
Response to Reply #7
38. I agree.
Doesn't exist.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Nicholas D Wolfwood Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 01:22 PM
Response to Reply #7
44. Ditto!
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
SoyCat Donating Member (660 posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 04:41 PM
Response to Reply #7
55. I agree
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Hosnon Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 09:09 PM
Response to Reply #7
66. Damn it...I was gonna say that...nt
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
johnnie Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:36 AM
Response to Original message
8. Sometimes....
I think they have more of a soul than most humans..lol
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
buddhamama Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:40 AM
Response to Reply #8
10. i am with you on this...
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Pool Hall Ace Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 12:30 PM
Response to Reply #8
39. Good to see you, johnnie.
And I agree with you. :hi:
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
buddhamama Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:41 AM
Response to Original message
11. yes
and with any luck i'll be reborn as one, although i am shooting for butterfly.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
xchrom Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:43 AM
Response to Reply #11
12. and butterfly i'm sure you shall be.
a monarch would be nice -- what with the vacation in mexico and all.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
buddhamama Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:56 AM
Response to Reply #12
17. what a trip
to Mexico, i mean. it is the journey not the destination that matters though, so it is all good. :hi:
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
xchrom Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:58 AM
Response to Reply #17
19. it is all good, indeed.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
xchrom Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:46 AM
Response to Original message
13. i mean this little bit to apply to all people who have friends and loved
ones who are not human.

Dogs Don't Have Souls, Do They?

I remember bringing you home. You were so small and cuddly with your tiny paws and soft fur.
You bounced around the room with eyes flashing and ears flopping.
Once in a while, you'd let out a little yelp just to let me know this was your territory.
Making a mess of the house and chewing on everything in sight became a passion, and when I scolded you, you just put your head down and looked up at me with those innocent eyes, as if to say, "I'm sorry, but I'll do it again as soon as you're not watching."
As you got older, you protected me by looking out the window and barking at everyone who walked by.
When I had a tough day at work, you would be waiting for me with your tail wagging just to say, "Welcome home. I missed you. "You never had a bad day, and I could always count on you to be there for me.
When I sat down to read the paper and watch TV, you would hop on my lap, looking for attention. You never asked for anything more than for me to pat your head so you could go to sleep with your head over my leg.
As you got older, you moved around more slowly. Then, one day, old age finally took its toll, and you couldn't stand on those wobbly legs anymore. I knelt down and patted you lying there, trying to make you young again. You just looked up at me as if to say you were old and tired and that after all these years of not asking for anything, you had to ask me for one last favor. With tears in my eyes, I drove you one last time to the vet. One last time, you were lying next to me.
For some strange reason, you were able to stand up in the animal hospital, perhaps it was your sense of pride.
As the vet led you away, you stopped for an instant, turned your head and looked at me as if to say, "Thank you for taking care of me.

I thought, "No... thank you for taking care of me."

By Chuck Wells
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
buddhamama Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:52 AM
Response to Reply #13
14. ...........
thank you. i love you, xchrom. :hug:
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
xchrom Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:56 AM
Response to Reply #14
16. back at'cha, ma'am.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
begin_within Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:53 AM
Response to Reply #13
15. When I was sick for 3 days once, my cat just sat there watching me,
the entire time - she did nothing else that she didn't have to do. Most of the time she never left my side, until I was up and well again.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
xchrom Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 10:57 AM
Response to Reply #15
18. i know the experience. n/t
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Wcross Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:30 AM
Response to Reply #15
28. Uh-oh, the food provider is dying!!!!!!!
I am sure she was concerned about you! If you had died there would be nobody to feed her. Also she probably was concerned about not having a warm lap to sit on!

(Just kidding! I have noticed that pets do get concerned about their humans)
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
begin_within Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 04:29 PM
Response to Reply #28
50. Oh - so that's what it was.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
WolverineDG Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 12:31 PM
Response to Reply #15
40. I have a cat like that
I nicknamed her "Nurse." When I'm sick, she'll lie right on top of me & purr really loudly & if I make her move (cuz she weighs a TON), then she comes right up next to me & purrs for hours. When one of my other cats had cancer, she would cuddle up to her & purr too. I didn't think much of that because the other cat was the only one of my tribe "Nurse" got along with, but after the other cat died, I saw her doing the same thing to my male cat when he was feeling dumpy. Since normally they're trying to kill each other, that got my attention & hence her nickname "Nurse."

dg
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Pool Hall Ace Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 12:29 PM
Response to Reply #13
37. So sweet; thank you for that.
:hug:
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
xchrom Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 01:48 PM
Response to Reply #37
46. i love that little piece.
i had a boy i loved like that.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Flaxbee Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:02 AM
Response to Original message
20. Absolutely.
All you have to do is look at an animal in the eyes and you'll see it. More soul, more 'heart', than many people.

I have absolutely no doubt. I may doubt the existence of a god, but I do not doubt that animals have souls. Why wouldn't they? Humans are animals, if we don't, other animals don't. If we do, they do.

Any belief to the contrary - that animals have no souls but humans do - is a pathetic attempt to feel superior.

So there!
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
hyphenate Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 08:44 PM
Response to Reply #20
62. I will grant you the opposite though;
ALL animals other than humans have souls--not every human does.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Spider Jerusalem Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:07 AM
Response to Original message
21. Do *humans* have souls?
What is a 'soul'? Some abstract metaphysical 'life force'? An insubstantial, supernatural essence? How can you measure something like that? How can it even be said to exist? And why does it matter?
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
begin_within Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:18 AM
Response to Reply #21
23. I define it as something that still lives on, after the body dies.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
baldguy Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:09 AM
Response to Original message
22. Zelda has a soul.


Just look at those eyes!
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
xchrom Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:29 AM
Response to Reply #22
27. the very expresion of the eternal! n/t
Edited on Wed Sep-06-06 11:30 AM by xchrom
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
HarukaTheTrophyWife Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 09:08 PM
Response to Reply #22
65. That is a gorgeous face.
And yes, these were two of my furkids that are no longer with me and they definitely had souls (even if Cheyenne was a bit overzealous in trying to protect her "herd").

Jaycee (our abused rescue Pit Bull/Shepherd mix, who didn't have a mean bone in her body. Probably the gentlest dog ever, despite how she started out in life)


Cheyenne (our German Shepherd who loved to adopt kittens as her puppies)
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
driver8 Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Sep-07-06 12:18 AM
Response to Reply #22
70. She is a cutie...
I agree. There is a lot going on behind those eyes that we don't know about.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
LanternWaste Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:26 AM
Response to Original message
25. From a Christian perspective...
This is from a Christian (or magic thinking/fairy tale perspective if that suits one's vernacular a little better...lol) perspective, and one I agree with.

The apologist C.S. Lewis once wrote something to the effect of...

The mere dumb animals we associate with being in the wild do not. There is no implication otherwise from the Gospels.

That being said, pets are a different matter. We ennoble them through association, or in effect, we share our love with them, and through that we actually share our souls with them which raises them above and beyond the status of "mere" animal. This is exemplified in his "Chronicles of Narnia" by the talking animals. We illustrate to them High Love, which they otherwise would not have.

So although a New York city sewer rat may simply have it's existence denied after death, the dog we loved and cherished through it's (and our) life and was recently put to sleep or hit by an SUV will probably be met again in the after-world, ready to play an amazing game of fetch.



It's a nice thought of Clive's that allows me additional comfort when I think of my wonderful, best friend Henry (1996-2003).
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Deep13 Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:28 AM
Response to Original message
26. What's a soul?
What exactly does that mean?
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Deep13 Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 12:16 PM
Response to Reply #26
35. Seriously, what is it?
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Deep13 Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 12:44 PM
Response to Reply #35
41. I take it ya'll don't have any idea either.
How can you be so sure that this animal or that either has a soul or not if you don't ever know what a soul is?
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Wcross Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:32 AM
Response to Original message
29. Tell me Moe doesn't have a soul.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
xchrom Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 07:35 PM
Response to Reply #29
61. not me. that is one soul-full dog.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
HiFructosePronSyrup Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:39 AM
Response to Original message
31. Do humans have souls?
I don't think they have souls, either.

But if humans have souls then animals have souls.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
anarch Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:44 AM
Response to Original message
32. Mu
Now, what is the sound of one hand clapping?
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Arugula Latte Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 12:58 PM
Response to Original message
42. Humans are primate animals. Either all animals have souls, or none do.
I tend to believe the latter.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
mr blur Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 01:13 PM
Response to Original message
43. Well, people don't so it's unlikely that animals do.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
genie_weenie Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 01:41 PM
Response to Original message
45. Does a Dog have Buddha Nature?
MU!

Translated as: Unask the Question...
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
begin_within Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 07:02 PM
Response to Reply #45
58. I don't think so, but maybe older cats do.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
liontamer Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 01:51 PM
Response to Original message
47. it depends on how you define soul
I don't believe animals do. On the other hand, I've always like the idea that if you love something, it can share your soul. It's actually the original premise of the little mermaid in hans christian anderson's story.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Zhade Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 02:57 PM
Response to Original message
48. Do humans have souls?
Define soul, first off.

Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Orrex Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 03:03 PM
Response to Reply #48
49. I had fillet of sole, once
I don't know if I can define it, exactly, but it was mighty tasty!
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
datasuspect Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 04:35 PM
Response to Original message
53. no, that's why they don't go to heaven.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
leftofthedial Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 04:36 PM
Response to Original message
54. what is a "soul"?
:shrug:
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
begin_within Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 05:14 PM
Response to Reply #54
56. That part of a being which continues to live after the physical body dies.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
leftofthedial Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Sep-07-06 12:57 AM
Response to Reply #56
72. then no.
no such thing
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Fox Mulder Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 05:17 PM
Response to Original message
57. None of us can say for sure one way or another.
I guess there's only one way to find out. :shrug: :scared:
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
LeftyMom Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 07:04 PM
Response to Original message
59. Do people?
If souls exist and there's some kernel of divine goodness in all of us, I'd put my money on dogs posessing it before I would bet on humans.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
UndertheOcean Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 07:24 PM
Response to Original message
60. ofcourse not.. and neither do humans
n/t
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
StellaBlue Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 08:46 PM
Response to Original message
63. Yes and no
Yes in that they are the same as people, and have uniqueness, dignity, and personalities; no in that nothing has an incorporeal existence.


$0.02
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Irreverend IX Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 09:18 PM
Response to Original message
67. Where's the choice for "souls are make-believe crap?" nt
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
begin_within Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Sep-06-06 11:01 PM
Response to Reply #67
68. I had originally included that, but not a soul clicked on it.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
swag Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Sep-07-06 12:09 AM
Response to Original message
69. No, and by inclusion, humans don't either.
Ridiculous construct, that "soul."
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
Withywindle Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Sep-07-06 12:38 AM
Response to Original message
71. I've known lots of animals with far better souls than mine.
Edited on Thu Sep-07-06 12:50 AM by Withywindle
And if the "velvet rope" of the afterlife doesn't let my friends in, I ain't going either, for the exact same reason I wouldn't join a country club that discriminates against certain kinds of humans.

Setting humans above other kinds of animals in this way is the ultimate example of hubris, IMO. Especially unbecoming in religions that preach humility.
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
pitohui Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Sep-07-06 01:43 AM
Response to Original message
73. i thought they did until
but tonight my parrot just voted for lucas to be the new lead singer of supernova ( you think i'm joking but i'm not ) so if he does have a soul it's fairly tacky
Printer Friendly | Permalink |  | Top
 
DU AdBot (1000+ posts) Click to send private message to this author Click to view 
this author's profile Click to add 
this author to your buddy list Click to add 
this author to your Ignore list Thu Dec 26th 2024, 07:34 AM
Response to Original message
Advertisements [?]
 Top

Home » Discuss » The DU Lounge Donate to DU

Powered by DCForum+ Version 1.1 Copyright 1997-2002 DCScripts.com
Software has been extensively modified by the DU administrators


Important Notices: By participating on this discussion board, visitors agree to abide by the rules outlined on our Rules page. Messages posted on the Democratic Underground Discussion Forums are the opinions of the individuals who post them, and do not necessarily represent the opinions of Democratic Underground, LLC.

Home  |  Discussion Forums  |  Journals |  Store  |  Donate

About DU  |  Contact Us  |  Privacy Policy

Got a message for Democratic Underground? Click here to send us a message.

© 2001 - 2011 Democratic Underground, LLC