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RE: "The U.S. economy is kept afloat by a huge capital inflow from other countries that helps offset our now huge deficits in international trade and government expenditure."
Regarding the twin deficits, trade and budget. You say foreign countries are sending us their capital to fund the deficits. A better way to look at this is in this:
We pay for all those foreign goods with dollars. Those dollars end up deposited in their respective nations banking systems. The central banks ultimately ending up with them. They then use the dollars to buy Treasury Bonds. So your description is essentially correct but it misses the dog chasing its tale aspect of the thing.
The trade defict is actually funding the budget deficit. This is not just my crackpot idea. It is quickly becomming the conventional wisdom.
This recycling of dollars during the boom had a different route. The dollars were not ending up with the central banks but were staying within the financial system and being sent to Wall St. Everyone wanted to invest here, till the bear market that is. Now private captial isn't so eager to come here and so the dollars build up in the foreign banking systems and then the central banks and they do the recycling.
This is a silly and thing and it is unsustainable. The problem is that if they don't keep buying dollar assets, either US stocks or financial assets or government bonds then the dollar is likely to fall further. Which will beget even less desire to have those dollar assets, and on and on and on in a vicious circle.
The G 7 meeting just concluded and they said the dollar should be allowed to fall, by itself, by normal market forces, in an orderly mannner. The thing they forgot to mention is that markets are not always orderly. Markets can swing violently. The G7 suggested a 30% drop in the dollar was perhaps desireable. Well that's nice but in a panic it could go lower, much lower. I am not predicting such but it could well happen.
A financial accident is well within the realm of possibility. The dollar could be the trigger. Other things could be as well.
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