Nice post on the microeconomics, but I too do not have a good feeling about job growth in this decade. To me, it's really a matter of our overvalued currency and subsidization of the Asian central banks that is proping up our economy. We have too much debt, and the imbalances will soon unwind in a bad way. With that warning, here is my bearish outlook...
I do not have the time to articluate all that I have read about these complex issues from a macroeconomic perspective. But in brief, due to loss of "critical mass" in the US manufacuring/export sector, our economy can not absorb the number of people entering the job market. Period. Too much debt, too little US corporate profits, and too little demand for US products on the global stage. The refi/credit bubble is the only thing that is creating demand - artifical "bubble" demand. However, the personal bankruptcy numbers are getting worse and worse. People and businesses are nearing the end of what they can borrow. The popping of this bubble will not be pretty...at all...
The US dollar is part of the problem, and I anticipate a severe decline/panic on the dollar within the next 1-2 years. For those who think a weaker dollar will result in an increase in domestic production and a reduction in exports - I'm afraid they are living in the old paradigm that was more reflective of the post-WWII US "real" economy. We don't have enough of a "real economy" anymore, too many service sectors jobs, too much 'activity' but without real production. Too many educated and bright people doing "busy work" and not enough interest in actually products for global buyers. That Union Leader is right…”we use to make shit in this Country.”
Last week's 'The Economist' magazine had a detailed analysis that basically showed that a drop in the dollar's value does not necessarily correlate with an increase for US made goods/decrease in imports. Why? Because we simply don't make the products anymore that were previously demanded by foreigners. The previously prestigious label "Made in US" does not only apply much anymore unless you're taling about Boeing jets, computer technology/bio- technology, medical equipement products, and our lucrative military weaponry (the later accouted for most of our GDP 'growth' in the last Qtr). The Chinese currency is the other big problem that is hollowing out the "real" US economy. Billions of Chinese willing and able to work all day for about $6. Anyhow, even if a foreigner wanted to buy a US product such as a TV or perhaps a toaster, they can't - b/c we no longer make these things, and if we do, they can't afford it. Ford and GM are not making profits on vehicle sales, but in "finance capitalism." This is not good.
In essence, the article projected that a 30% drop in the US dollar realtive to a basket of currencies would only decrease the US trade account defict from -500 billion to about -$300 billion. That is a fundamental problem. Our currency is only being propped up b/c it is still the world reserve currency - mainly b/c it is the international oil transaction currency. The euro is challenging dollar supremacy, and my opinion is that by the end of this decade dollar hegemony will dissipate with the euro accending to the preferred "world currency." I predict a disorderly correction, with US wages falling dramatically, 1930's style bankruptcies occuring, etc. After that, the US will start making export products again, but our standard of living will be much lower, our energy costs will be higher, and we will no longer be a Superpower - atleast not economically. Sorry, but I have become very bearish re the US economy.
Anyhow, today's NYT article discusses that jobs are contracting in the US economy, and I believe this is a permanent development - unfortuately.
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'Slowing Stream of New Jobs Helps to Explain Slump' (Oct 1, 2002)
http://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/01/business/01JOBS.html?hpThe new numbers portray an economy stuck in neutral, with workers no longer losing their jobs at the rapid pace of 2001 but with relatively few new job opportunities popping up. In the last three months of 2002, 7.8 million jobs were eliminated, while 7.7 million were created, according to company records studied by the bureau.
"You get a picture of a job market where employers, nervous about undertaking new labor costs in the face of weak demand, are very reticent about hiring," said Jared Bernstein, a senior economist at the Economic Policy Institute, a liberal research group in Washington.
The absence of new jobs means that conditions have not improved for people entering the work force, like graduating college students. But the drop in layoffs since 2001 has clearly helped many workers, sparing them the financial and emotional pain of job loss.
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'Employment disaster'(Oct 1, 2003)
http://www.prudentbear.com/archive_comm_article.asp?category=Guest+Commentary&content_idx=26827"In June it was declared that the recession had ended in November 2001. Yet in the 20 months since, payroll employment has declined by a total of about 1 million jobs, or about 8%. In not one of the seven or eight postwar recoveries has there been any employment decline. Immediate strong job growth has been the regular characteristic of all business cycle recoveries. On average, payroll jobs increased 3.8% in the 20 months following the end of recession.
What's more, no letup in job losses is in sight. During the second quarter, widely hailed for its better-than-expected GDP growth, the household measure of employment slumped by 260,000. However, this figure concealed an even greater number of workers - 556,000 - who statistically quit the workforce because they have given up looking for nonexisting jobs.
This rapidly growing group of people no longer count as unemployed. What American job statistics really measure are not changes in unemployment, but changes in job seekers. Including the frustrated job seekers, the U.S. unemployment rate is hardly lower than in Europe. Certainly, it is rising much faster."
..."Think of the sharp rise in long-term interest rates that is most assuredly stopping the mortgage-refinancing bubble dead in its tracks. That, in our view, will not only abort any recovery but will also mean the economy's relapse into new recession."