I've been using the figure that Natural Gas is "only" 55% as carbonizing as Coal. I may be off by, oh, 40% -- 40%
low.
Climate Benefits of Natural Gas May Be Overstated
http://www.propublica.org/article/natural-gas-and-coal-pollution-gap-in-doubt">Climate Benefits of Natural Gas May Be OverstatedThe United States is poised to bet its energy future on natural gas as a clean, plentiful fuel that can supplant coal and oil. But new research by the Environmental Protection Agency—and a growing understanding of the pollution associated with the full “life cycle” of gas production—is casting doubt on the assumption that gas offers a quick and easy solution to climate change.
Advocates for natural gas routinely assert that it produces 50 percent less greenhouse gases than coal and is a significant step toward a greener energy future. But those assumptions are based on emissions from the tailpipe or smokestack and don’t account for the methane and other pollution emitted when gas is extracted and piped to power plants and other customers.
The EPA’s new analysis doubles its previous estimates for the amount of methane gas that leaks from loose pipe fittings and is vented from gas wells, drastically changing the picture of the nation’s emissions that the agency painted as recently as April. Calculations for some gas-field emissions jumped by several hundred percent. Methane levels from the hydraulic fracturing of shale gas were 9,000 times higher than previously reported.
When all these emissions are counted, gas may be as little as 25 percent cleaner than coal, or perhaps even less.
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http://www.propublica.org/article/natural-gas-and-coal-pollution-gap-in-doubt">Complete story at Pro Publica. Includes refernce material and EPA links. My fear and prediction: that it will be Natural Gas that replaces coal and petroleum, or at least get a two-decade "trial run", while half the country's crustal shale is subjected to hydraulic and chemical fracturing.
--d!