The issue is investment.
2 December 2008
European Nuclear Generation
New merchant plants bear too high a risk for equity investors
- Political agenda key driver — The push for new nuclear capacity is being driven mainly by the public policy goals of tackling climate change and security of supply rather than the probable economics of the investment opportunity.
- Nuclear is materially “riskier” than other technologies — The period from design to commissioning remains more than double that for other technologies, as do construction costs, while payback periods are also 1.5-2.5x longer. In a pool system, nuclear plants will be price takers. As a result, we argue that the cost of capital should be higher than CCGTs or coal plants, all else equal.
- Unattractive risk-reward for merchant new nuclear — Our base case scenario analysis shows that equity investors in new nuclear plants that operate as merchant capacity would need to see power prices higher than €78/MWh to earn a competitive return to that offered by conventional thermal technologies.
- Support is required to improve the economics in merchant markets — In our view, unless governments are willing to underpin either the financing, the pricing of output and/or decommissioning costs then equity investors are unlikely to earn a competitive return on new nuclear. The UK is the only country where new nuclear is currently being proposed without the financial case being underpinned.
In other words people can't make money on these projects unless the government guarantees the investors a return. The analysis goes on to detail how the problem for nuclear is that there is no market for its high priced electricity in a market that meets the established EU goals for efficiency and renewable deployment. It is a textbook case of what I've long pointed out - that nuclear and renewable deployment is an either/or proposition. If you build nuclear, the economics of renewables and efficiency deteriorate; if you enact efficiency improvements and deploy renewables, the economics for nuclear deteriorate.
This is from Citi's 2009 follow up review:
9 November 2009
New Nuclear – The Economics Say No
UK Green Lights New Nuclear – Or Does It?
- The five big risks — Nuclear power station developers face five big risks: Planning, Construction, Power Price, Operational, and Decommissioning. The government today has sought to limit the Planning risk. While important for encouraging developers to bring forward projects, this is the least important risk financially.
- The three Corporate Killers — Three of the risks faced by developers — Construction, Power Price, and Operational — are so large and variable that individually they could each bring even the largest utility company to its knees financially. This makes new nuclear a unique investment proposition for utility companies.
- No where else in the world — Government policy remains that the private sector takes full exposure to the three main risks; Construction, Power Price and Operational. Nowhere in the world have nuclear power stations been built on this basis.
- Nor will they be built in the UK — We see little if any prospect that new nuclear stations will be built in the UK by the private sector unless developers can lay off substantial elements of the three major risks. Financing guarantees, minimum power prices, and / or government-backed power off-take agreements may all be needed if stations are to be built.