Noam Chomsky: Views on "Globalization"Chomsky made early efforts to critically analyze globalization. He summarized the process with the phrase "old wine, new bottles," maintaining that the motive of the élites is the same as always: they seek to isolate the general population from important decision-making processes, the difference being that the centers of power are now transnational corporations and supranational banks. Chomsky argues that transnational corporate power is "developing its own governing institutions" reflective of their global reach.
<9>According to Chomsky, a primary ploy has been the co-optation of the global economic institutions established after World War II. The key Bretton Woods institutions, the IMF and World Bank, have increasingly adhered to the "Washington Consensus", which requires developing countries to adhere to limits on spending and make structural adjustments that often involve cutbacks in social and welfare programs. IMF aid and loans are normally contingent upon such reforms. Chomsky claims that the construction of global institutions and agreements such as the
World Trade Organization,
GATT,
NAFTA, and the Multilateral Agreement on Investment constitute new ways of securing élite privileges while undermining democracy.
<10>Chomsky believes that these austerity and neoliberal measures ensure that poorer countries merely fulfill a service role by providing cheap labour, raw materials, and investment opportunities for the first world. Additionally, this means that corporations can threaten to relocate to poorer countries, and Chomsky sees this as a powerful weapon to keep workers in richer countries in line.
Chomsky takes issue with the terms used in discourse on globalization, beginning with the term "globalization" itself, which he maintains refers to a corporate-sponsored economic integration rather than being a general term for things becoming international. He dislikes the term anti-globalization being used to describe what he regards as a movement for globalization of social and environmental justice. Chomsky understands what is popularly called "Free trade" as a "mixture of liberalization and protection designed by the principal architects of policy in the service of their interests, which happen to be whatever they are in any particular period."
<11>In his writings Chomsky has drawn attention to globalization resistance movements. He described
Zapatista defiance of NAFTA in his essay "The Zapatista Uprising." He also criticized the Multinational Agreement on Investment, and reported on the activist efforts that led to its defeat. Chomsky's voice was an important part of a growing chorus of critics who provided the theoretical backbone for the disparate groups who united for the demonstrations against The World Trade Organization in Seattle in November of 1999.
<12> Whose interests are the Neocons really serving...
The Carlyle Group??...given seemingly-willful ignoring of warnings about impending attack on the US, given World Trade Center destruction...given 9/11 "response" that
aborted the pursuit of Bin Laden...2000/2004 subversion of Democracy via election fraud...a "war" in Iraq based on a "pack of lies" with insufficient resources to "win"...while allowing 400 tons of explosives to be seized by the "opponent" (source of IEDs)...paid by a run-up of US-deficits without rolling back tax-cuts for the rich (keeping US government "revenue-starved")...
Bush request for Chalabi pardon...supporting outsourcing of US jobs to "cheap labor", underfunding health care, undermining science, attacking social security, pension-dissolution at United (forcing other airlines to do same to remain competitive), destruction of a CIA intelligence network monitoring WMDs proliferation...??
Soon,
Newsweek: Fitzgerald's boss likely to be replaced with Bush classmate; 'Skull and Bones'