I think the EPA is the organization that determines what test will work for specific materials, and writes out the procedures for the tests. Obviously they do testing for this sort of stuff - for contamination analyses. But since this is DU, I will provide links (below).
Index to EPA Test MethodsI will use RDX as an example. If I go to the N-Se section of the alphabetical Chemical/Name index, it tells me that
RDX in Soil and Water by Immunoassay uses testing method #4051, and they provide a link to the EPA source (
SW 486 Ch 4.4) and they list the section of the CFRs(40 CFR Part 61, Appendix B) where the methods are defined.
If we go to the
link, we see that the
http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/test/main.htm">test methods are online and we can go to
method #4051 (warning - pdf) for RDX. I just quickly scanned it, but it talks about using a particular test kit and then has lots of other info that I haven't read yet.
Ok - so the EPA knows how to test for RDX, but have they in the past? I searched the EPA website, and found this article (below).
EPA ORDERS EXTENSIVE CLEANUP OF MASS. MILITARY RESERVATION ON CAPE CODContact: Amy Miller, EPA Press Office (617-918-1042)
For immediate release: January 7, 2000; Release # 00-01-05
BOSTON - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency today for the first time unilaterally ordered a military base to clean up and remove unexploded ordnance. In a precedent-setting administrative order issued today
, EPA-New England directed the National Guard Bureau and the Massachusetts National Guard to remove unexploded ordnance from the 14,000-acre Camp Edwards training grounds at the Massachusetts Military Reservation (MMR) on Cape Cod.
The National Guard agencies were also directed to clean up contaminated groundwater, as well as contamination in soil that has not yet reached the groundwater, but threatens the aquifer.
<snip>
An ongoing study of the effects of training on the aquifer has already found RDX in 20 monitoring wells, and above federal health advisory limits at 18 monitoring wells. RDX is a highly hazardous constituent used in explosives and rat poison. Metals above the allowable levels for drinking water were detected in 40 monitoring wells and herbicides and pesticides were detected in 31 wells, in one case above federal health advisories.
<snip>
To date, dozens of live unexploded ordnance have been uncovered simply through DOD's efforts to site monitoring wells associated with the water quality study. In addition, more than 1,000 mortar rounds (primarily inert) were discovered at the only range where an unexploded ordnance investigation has been conducted to date.
</snip>
From what I can gather, the EPA didn't actually do the testing in this case - they ordered the DOD to do it. Now this might just be the case here because the DOD is "special", so what happens when a private individual/organization is being investigated? That is proving difficult for me, because most of the RDX-related investigations have to do with the military - either DOD or DA (Department of Army). I will continue looking.