This is a long posting. It has at least a couple of items that are not well known. A weak point at F.A.A. is identified. This weaknesses also may have led to a second airliner plot getting rolling on December 25, 2009. I worked at World Trade Center. North Tower. Got my FEMA "1391" number. Kinda take it personal.
These events start up on Christmas Eve, 1994. Al Qaeda updated the Palestinians' tactic of hijacking airliners. Four "Afghansi" veterans wearing Algerian uniforms commandeered an Airbus 300B2-C1 and its 232 crew and passengers. Their aim was to crash the Airbus into the Eiffel Tower.
Groupe d´Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale (GIGN - "gee gun") and the pilots tricked the hijackers to land for a refueling stop in Marseilles, where the plane was retaken in a gun battle. (Yes, it's on YouTube.)
Air France 8969 was the top television and print story in the world, Christmas 1994.Subsequently, in 1995, the American FAA and FBI sent a joint team to France to participate in lessons-learned exercises. F.A.A.'s Committee for Security and Counterterrorism participated and provided the direct oversight. Anthony Fainberg was the chairman of that committee.
Yep, son, we have met the enemy and he is us.-- Walt Kelly, Pogo
Information has slowly dribbled out as to what went on between 1994 and 2001 with GIGN, Direction Générale des Services Extérieurs (DGSE), Air France, International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), and FAA.
For example: the French secret services produced nine reports between September 2000 and August 2001 looking at the Al-Qaida threat to the United States, and knew it planned to hijack an aircraft.
According to Le Monde:
Hundreds of pages of notes and analyses of the General Directorate for External Security show that the Sauudi billionaire Osama Binladen and his organization, Al-Qaida, were infiltrated by French spies. According a person close to Pierre Brochand, current director of the DGSE, a cell had been devoted to Binladen since 1995. A note of January 5, 2001, transmitted to the chief of the CIA station in Paris provided an alert about "a project to hijack a plane".
-- April 17, 2007, translated to English
Air France changed security procedures immediately, two days after Christmas in 1994, to prevent handing any aircraft over to hijackers. The cockpits for their airliners were secured from seizure with metal bars and $200 in upgrades to locks. Later work made their airliners quite safe indeed. ICAO republished each of their bulletins. These standards were applied worldwide from Russia to Timbuktu except for the United States.
FAA's Committee for Security and Counterterrorism with Mr. Fainberg went the other way and had kick-out panels installed in the doors of the airliner cockpits. FAA anti-hijacking procedures also recommended to pilots that planes be turned over to would-be hijackers.In America on 9/11 the hijackers were provided every convenience. The Al Qaeda M.O. puts a bonus on striking Christians at Christmas. Until the SEAL Team captured all of Binladen's records, as ordered by the President, it is not clear that the U.S. acting on its own had learned much more about them.
Still, the security and counterterrorism work of this Mr. Fainberg was not over. Come January of 2009, he published an unclassified unrestricted open-Internet article:
http://www.hsaj.org/?fullarticle=5.1.5">The Terrorist Threat to Inbound U.S. Passenger Flights: Inadequate Government Response
Homeland Security Affairs
The Journal of the Naval Postgraduate School Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Copyright © 2009 by the author(s). Homeland Security Affairs is an academic journal available free of charge to individuals and institutions. Because the purpose of this publication is the widest possible dissemination of knowledge, copies of this journal and the articles contained herein may be printed or downloaded and redistributed for personal, research or educational purposes free of charge and without permission. Any commercial use of Homeland Security Affairs or the articles published herein is expressly prohibited without the written consent of the copyright holder. The copyright of all articles published in Homeland Security Affairs rests with the author(s) of the article. Homeland Security Affairs is the online journal of the Naval Postgraduate School Center for Homeland Defense and Security (CHDS).This article contains an open invitation to Al Qaeda terrorists. It details FAA and Transportation Safety Administration procedures -- that flights from certain in-coming foreign airports do not make a specific type of check looking for bombs containing the bomb-making chemical known as PETN.
Surely in a sane world that information would have been stamped Top Secret. Or perhaps it was, just nobody cares.
Move ahead to less than a year after the article was ramped out on Google, we find that exactly this type of PETN bomb-mix attack was perpetrated against an airliner bound for Detroit, Northwest Airlines Flight 253 with 289 souls on board. Amsterdam to Detroit, Michigan, on December 25, 2009.
In business the competition are rivals. The enemy is middle-management.-- Harold Geneen
That was the "Underwear Bomber" event.
As a guess, this Mr. Fainberg retains his security clearances. At least he seems to be retired so his monthly checks will pop right in there to his bank account. When Coleen Rowley went to the mat trying to get access to the Zacarias Moussaoui laptop -- arguably to break the Mohammad Atta 9/11 plot -- the FBI HQ men who thwarted her were not punished. Two of them were promoted then retired later with cushy follow-ons.
Between Walt Kelly and Harold Geneen, applying their wisdom, you have to wonder.What does it take to get somebody out of government, away from security information, after he has participated in gross incompetence at best -- unlocking the cockpits after Christmas, 1994 -- and contributed to killing 3,000 people ?