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The organization at your link seems to oppose every policy of the Bush administration, so they are A-OK!
I think Stephen Moore deliberately named the Club for Growth to sound like the Club of Rome, because the two groups advocate very different policies.
The reason those predictions from the Club of Rome that you mentioned didn't come true is because the predictions were based on faulty premises. Their computer model never took into account that prices would react to changing conditions, or that people would alter their behavior in response to changes in prices.
Also, they err in their view of human beings as being only consumers, when in reality, human beings are producers and consumers. For example, if we turn worthless sand into valuable computer chips, are we consuming, or producing? I would say we are producing, but the Club of Rome would say we are consuming.
I agree that the quantity of physical mass is limited. But I disagree that this mass limits our economic growth, especially with computer technology and the information age. Since information is now the most important resource, how can there be limits?
Now, human population cannot grow forever. There are limits there. But even these limits are subject to technology. With zero technology, the earth may be able to support a few hundred million people. But with clean, safe nuclear power, which can be used to desalinize water, create fertilizer, mine building materials, and provide electricity for homes and businesses, and with adopting modern agriculture in places that don't currently use it, like Africa and Bangladesh, I think the earth could support 20 billion people at a first world standard of living. But human population will likely peak at 9 billion around the year 2050, so I don't see a population problem.
Poor countries are not "overpopulated." Instead, they are "underdeveloped." For example, people say that China is "overpopulated." But this is not true. Instead, China is "underdeveloped." England, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland are all more densely populated than China, but no one ever says those countries are "overpopulated."
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