Cultural and Commercial Influences on the Free Press Dr. James Zogby
Arab American Institute
Monday 17 January 2005
Just how free is the US's "free press?" Does the absence of direct government control, by itself, create a "free press?" In a paper I recently presented at a conference organized by the Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research, I sought to make a contribution to this discussion by examining the influences that impact US media.
While there is no direct political influence or control of US media, such as may exist in societies with state-run media, there is, nevertheless, influence that "controls" coverage that can be subtle, but is at all times, pervasive and decisive.
Most US-based news organizations like to claim objectivity as their trademark, from Fox News' claims to be "fair and balanced" to the New York Times boasting that it covers "All the news that's fit to print." While critics from both the right and the left argue that these networks and newspapers report the news with either a liberal or conservative slant, in fact, the forces that shape bias in media coverage run deeper and are more complex. Cultural, commercial and political influences have a profound impact on editorial decisions made by media outlets, as well as on the content of the information they dispense.
Major reporters, their editors, TV news presenters and commentators, and the government officials and other newsmakers they cover, form a very small circle in Washington DC and New York.
More at:
http://www.truthout.org/docs_05/011905I.shtml