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Edited on Sat Jul-09-05 02:40 AM by NNadir
First of all, I am very dubious of arguments that attempt to characterize science as a "belief" on the same level as religion, if this is what you are claiming. There is a distinct difference: Science begins with measurement. There is an element to science that is independent of culture. Every culture, from Asia, to Africa, to Europe to the middle east, for instance, has made a stab at the value of the constant that we now call "pi," which is, of course, the ratio between a circle's diameter and it's circumference. What is transcendently (pun intended) obvious about this constant is that first everyone was looking for the same thing independent of culture, and that, independent of culture, all societies more or less accurately, depending on their technological ability with measurement, approached the same value. There is no "belief" about the value of pi. There is simply the constant itself. Everyone starting with the same abstract information, the existence of circles, will end up going down the same path.
It is not as if every culture in the world simultaneously derived the value of Jesus without the influence of other cultures.
In fact, my view of the matter of Jesus and Lazarus is that it is simply a myth, on the same level as the story of Paris, Helen and the Golden Apple. It may or may not have some psychic or cultural meaning that can be divined (pun intended) generally from one's own weltanschung but such interpretations will not be consistent. I, for instance, believe it's a bunch of crap. Pope such and such on the other hand believes that the story is relevant to all humanity.
I personally have no unique attachment to the matter of Andy, victims of the World Trade Center attacks, the victims of London bombings or the victims of the terrorist attacks on the citizens of Iraq as perpetrated by the United States and British governments - which is of course my point.
Of course, when my mother died, when my father died, this had a more direct effect on me than when Mr. Stevenson died, but because I am aware that Mr. Stevenson was an intimate of many people, it is easy to extend sympathy to them. To do so, I need only evoke my own personal knowledge of death. There is a fundamental difference, of course to the matter of Andy - about whom I know nothing and about whom - up until now, I have said nothing. Mr. Stevenson was not killed through the direct action of other people. The victims of the terrorist attacks in London, New York, Baghdad and Falluja on the other hand were killed through the actions of other human beings - all of whom made a deliberate choice to kill. Moreover the people making these choices must necessarily devalue the lives of their antagonists over their own assertion of what they believed to be "moral" - I call it "religious" - value.
When I am made aware of the deaths of any individual, it is a natural inclination to feel sympathy, of course. I am sympathetic - and empathetic - to the people who were killed in London, as well as the people killed in New York, in Madrid, in Belfast, in Sarajevo, in Falluja, for that matter, in Hiroshima. I however do not make a distinction between them. When I look at my own children - I can immediately understand what it might mean to be the victim of violence and it is certainly worse for the survivors than it is for the killed, as those who are killed are necessarily devoid of emotions because they no longer exist. Because I can extend my own humanity to others who may suffer violence at the hands of other human beings, I simply generally abhor violence. Hence - in spite of your specific generalization about all posters to DU - for me the bombing in London is not materially different than the bombings in Baghdad - any more than the death of Andy Stevenson is materially different than the deaths of my own parents.
Moral reasoning is often derided as casuistry, particularly by those - typically on the right - who claim moral universals. Most people who assert moral universals are by nature religious, of course, and they wish to assert a right to determine what I may or may not do with my own body, for instance, independent of my own preferences. However, if we think carefully about it - certain culturally independent moral universals have begun to evolve. The religious philosopher Elaine Pagels asserts in her work, "The Origins of Satan" than the Western - Christian - viewpoint about the value of human life has conquered the world. She claims, for instance, that the conception stated in the American Declaration of Independence that "all men are created equal" is a religiously determined conception derived from the Christian notion of the sacredness of all human life.
I am not so sure I agree. It does seem to me that there is one moral truth that has been discovered or asserted in many different places and cultures - similar - if not as readily apparent - as the value of pi. This is the notion that people should treat other people as they wish to be treated themselves. People will of course assert that this notion is consistent with the teachings of Jesus, but it is also consistent with the moral teachings of many people who had no idea of whom Jesus was, who never cared about Jesus and who never absorbed any of the other clap-trap that accompanied a belief in Jesus - bits about miracles, water and wine, raising the dead, healing the sick and beating up money changers in temples.
The notion that one should extend one's own humanity to others in determining what actions are moral and what actions are not is not the claim - like that made the morally primitive among whom I include most dogmatic religious adherents - that other people should have the same values as one holds for one's self. It is merely the claim that all human beings are equal in their right to conduct their lives in peace, that no other human being has a moral justification to commit acts of indiscriminate (and the word "indiscriminate" is an important word here) acts of violence against other human beings. The point I sought to make in originating this thread is that all of the actions in which high explosives are deliberately detonated in the presence of other human beings are - for me at least if not for everyone at DU - morally equivalent. It makes no difference whatsoever whether the people victimized by these acts are like me or not. It makes no difference whether or not I am personally connected or aware of the details of their lives or whether their lives are lived in the same manner as I live my life. Every child in Baghdad is my child merely because every child in Baghdad is a child.
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