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Who Are the Republicans? (Revised)
I did a draft of this a few days ago and wasn't satisfied with it. I've redone it to clarify some points. I'd be interested in comment from you if you think I'm wrong or if a more precise break down of the hard-core Republican coalition is in order.
Anyway, here’s what I think. 1. The Rich. Money is a major key to power in the U.S. and the Rich are powerful because they have it. The Rich basically own this country. The top 4 or 5% of our population own around 45% of it. The top 10% own even more. These people are usually well educated. They have a generational ticket into the country’s best schools. They don’t have to worry about health care, retirement, credit card debt, whether they’ll have a job tomorrow, or where their next meal is going to come from. They see the Democrats as a threat because the Democrats like to tax them, redistribute their money, and minimize their capacity for increasing their wealth. They therefore vote Republican because they see it as being in their economic best interests to do so. Republican governments invariably make them richer. The Rich oppose governmental regulation because they see it as expensive, as cutting into their profits, and as putting a brake on their freedom of action. Government –any government--is to them, needlessly bureaucratic, inefficient, and wasteful. Government is not run according to “business principles.” Business, in the view of the Rich, are inherently efficient, productive, and therefore worthy of praise. The Rich see themselves as “business managers” and best suited, by breeding, education, and sense of entitlement, to run the country. The Rich love corporations because corporations insulate their managers from liability, render those managers unaccountable to the clueless shareholders, and are run along hierarchic lines. They think government should basically work the same way. The Rich hate unions for the same reasons that they hate governmental regulation. Unions interfere with management decision-making and cut into profits. Free trade is attractive because it’s based on laissez-faire principles and permits business managers to essentially do whatever they want with their enterprises (unless, of course, things go south -- then the Rich want, and usually get trade protection, Federal assistance, tax breaks, or bailouts). The Rich hate paying taxes because taxes cut into their wealth and because the money generated from the taxes is used for wasteful public, rather than efficient private, purposes. The wealthiest of the Rich usually never did much to get their money in the first place. Generally, they inherited it, and continuing to keep it in the family is important to them. Although the Rich worship Horatio Alger stories about self-made men and “captains of industry”, they have no qualms about passing their wealth on to their progeny, who typically have done nothing whatsoever to earn it. Unfortunately, the Rich are numerically few. They have money, but they also need votes to continue to win elections, put their kind of people in power, and thus maintain their cozy niche at the top of the economic pyramid. Getting the necessary votes requires distasteful compromises. Hence the Rich have wed themselves, for pragmatic reasons, to the following set of Republican bedfellows: 2. The Fundies. These are the people that see America’s biggest problems as its pluralism and its social permissiveness. The secularism, relativism, pluralism, tolerance, and general irreverence of the Democratic Party repels them. The Fundies are true-believers and a ready source of committed activists. Abortion genuinely troubles most of them. They see homosexuality as perversion -- a decadent life choice rather than an innate sexual orientation. Pornography and sexual permissiveness disgust them. For Fundies, faith is more important than thought. This is why many Democrats find it impossible to argue with them. Fundie logic always comes down to Biblical principals and if you can’t accept those as a basic starting point you can never get anywhere by debating them. Fundies are uncomfortable with social change because social change challenges inherently correct traditional values that they live by. Fundies find the answers to most of their problems in one passage or another of the Christian Bible – usually in the Old Testament. A multicultural society with disparate opinions and values worries them because such a society is necessarily secular, pluralistic and not exclusively Christian. Many Fundies strongly back the state of Israel because they see its existence as foreordained in the Bible. But, paradoxically, they don’t care much for Jews in their own country because the Jews aren’t Christian. Muslims, Buddhists, and practitioners of other non-Christian religions get similar treatment. Catholics, while Christian, aren’t very popular with Fundies either. Catholics are beholden to the Pope and their true loyalties are therefore questionable. Fundies are generally absolutists. They long for certainty in a world that is uncertain, constantly changing, and that isn't simply black or white. As a consequence, they see that world as threatening. Science troubles Fundies because it has the nasty habit of contradicting the literal words of the Book of Genesis. Popular culture worries them too. As a consequence, Fundies find reassurance in their homes, churches, and families – preferring the company of their co-religionists to that of misguided or sinful outsiders. Fundies hate feminists. Feminism threatens the male-dominated hierarchic family structure embodied in the Bible that they borrow as a model for their own familial existence. The man makes the decisions in the prototypical Fundie household and the little wife, under this model, is supposed to follow along because “father knows best.” Fundies are the people that home-school their kids, are sickened by the thought of gay marriage, and see nothing wrong with institutionalizing Christian prayer in the public schools. Because they believe in salvation only through Christ, believers in other theologies, atheists, and agnostics are all seen by Fundies as erring sinners. This exclusivity causes them to often be self-righteously intolerant of the beliefs of others unlike themselves. Some Fundies are Millenarians – believing that the end of the world is near. Others are Creationists or followers of variations of the Intelligent Design theory. Still others are of the pro-life ilk that gave us the Terri Schiavo carnival. The Rich, who really run the Republican party, keep the Fundies voting Republican by throwing them an occasional bone -- a pro-life Supreme Court appointee, an anti flag-burning amendment, or an amendment allowing prayer in the public schools – usually just to energize the Fundie base and thereby garner Fundie votes. But, in truth, the Rich (who generally aren’t fundamentalists themselves and are really just as secular as the average Democrat) aren’t really that comfortable around the Fundies either. The Rich don’t share Fundie beliefs, and personally don’t really care for a lot of their values. Nancy Reagan’s recent conversion to the value of stem-cell research is an example of this. The Pentecostal John Ashcroft (who felt the need to hang a cloth over the naked breasts of a statue of Justice), was generally considered as something of a joke by most non-Fundie Republicans. Hence, the Republican sops to the Fundie wing of the party are often empty rhetoric. Bush can publicly call for a constitutional amendment to ban gay-marriage, for example, because he is privately secure in the knowledge that such has no real chance of passage. Until the present administration, mollifying the Fundies has never been a major concern for the Rich (who, after all, really are the ones that set the Republican Party’s agenda) because the Rich know that, outside of the Republican party, the Fundies really have nowhere else to go. The Fundies are important to the Rich, however, because there are a lot of them out there, they vote, and they’re a powerful bloc if you can keep them aroused and motivated. Just ask Karl Rove.
3. The Libertarians. The Libertarians are a strange group that simultaneously idealizes laissez-faire capitalism and radically permissive private and social lifestyle behaviors. The economic side of the Libertarian equation, however, is more important to them than the permissive behavioral side. As a result, Libertarians are usually reliably Republican voters. Libertarians are usually well-educated people. While seldom extremely wealthy, there are enough of them around that they can fund some very loud think-tanks such as the Cato Institute. Libertarians view any governmental regulation as a bad thing. It is government that keeps these rugged individualists from climbing to the top of the economic ladder. Aside from having an army for defensive purposes, radical Libertarians don’t see any use for government at all and, if empowered, would move to eliminate it entirely. The Rich are idolized by Libertarians. As they see it, the Rich are the winners in the game of life -- having acquired their wealth through “good ideas,” hard work, and honest effort. Lots of Libertarians are small businessmen or wage slaves that see themselves as would-be businessmen. Many think that they too could be rich if only the government would “get off of their backs”. Libertarians worship “property” and “free enterprise”. They see property ownership and laissez faire capitalism as dual solutions to virtually all human problems. Some Libertarians would even privatize our highway system -- turning it into a vast conglomerate of toll roads – if they could only get their way. Corporations are fine with Libertarians. Libertarians hate taxes because taxation prevents them from becoming wealthy and because the money raised from taxes is used to fund the governmental programs the Libertarian doesn’t like. Many Libertarians see themselves as intellectuals, basing their philosophy in the writings of Ayn Rand. When pressed, Libertarians are usually extremely vague about the kind of a world that their philosophy –if implemented--would lead to. The fact that there has historically never been a truly Libertarian society anywhere in the world (the closest thing we’ve ever had to it in America was the era of the “Robber Barons”) is one of the most telling criticisms of the doctrine. Most Libertarians simplistically forget that there are historical reasons why we have the Fed, the FDIC, Social Security, and the FDA. Socially speaking, orthodox Libertarians are pro-choice. They also, quite logically, don’t mind people carrying guns around with them. Unlike the Fundies, gay marriage doesn’t bother them. They would even legalize the use of heroin and tolerate prostitution. After all, your body is also property and you ought to be able to do what you want with your property. But despite their radically individualistic and secular social beliefs, when it comes right down to voting, Libertarians almost invariably align themselves with the Republican Party – perhaps because they view the GOP as the traditional party of entrepreneurs or because they see the Democratic party as too regulatory. In so doing the Libertarians invariably ally themselves not only with their idols – the Rich, but also with their enemies, the Fundies – a group that is the antithesis of everything Libertarians believe in from a social standpoint. Aside from perhaps some occasional business support (which the Libertarians professedly don’t want) or an occasional minor tax break, the Rich reward Libertarian devotion with exactly nothing. Go figure.
4. The Anti-Liberals. This is the biggest group of Republican voters in my opinion. They are usually white, mostly, but not always male, and their basic common denominator is an inability to empathize with anyone other than themselves. They may or may not be well-educated. Their overriding characteristic is that they are extremely self-absorbed. They are usually not very interested in politics and too apathetic to be big-time Republican activists. Rather, they tend to vote Republican simply because it’s something they’ve always done and see no reason to change. Because they've never been hungry, homeless, discriminated against, or gay-bashed, they find it hard to relate to those that have. They view themselves as hard-working, but regard the poor as lazy. They don’t care much for Blacks, Hispanics, or gays because they have never associated with these people, don’t relate to their aspirations, and really don’t care to make any effort to understand their problems. Anti-Liberals are the kind of people that see affirmative action as reverse discrimination. They don’t like taxes and see government as merely a state-created system for doling money out to persons other than themselves. They are mistrustful of intellectuals because such people are seen as impractical, laughably politically correct, and lacking in common sense. Anti-Liberals are the kind of people that called Adlai Stevenson an "egghead" and felt more comfortable voting for a regular guy like Eisenhower. The fact that Kerry spoke French wasn’t seen as something admirable by the Anti-Liberals. Rather it was seen as something vaguely un-American, highbrow, and effete. Foreign things aren’t exactly popular with xenophobes. Anti-Liberals like Bush because they see him as being a “regular guy”-- the sort of person you’d be comfortable having a beer with. Anti-Liberals don't read much, don’t pay a lot of attention to hard news, and aren’t much for “big ideas”. All that is seen as pretension or affectation to them. Instead, they happily swim in a low-brow milieu of canned popular culture – taking their pleasure in bowling alleys, NASCAR races, and country music and getting their information from Fox News. Anti-Liberals don’t care about current events because they don’t see politics as affecting their lives very much. Most aren't particularly rich, but think that maybe someday they can be. They see the Rich as having earned their wealth and that they therefore should be allowed to keep it. Anti-Liberals hate taxes because they don’t think they get any benefit from them. They are attracted to flat taxes because they see them as egalitarian and simple. This group likes guns, especially hand guns that they all too readily mistakenly use on perceived intruders or, in angry moments, on their wives. While there are hunters among them, few are engaged enough, or have enough of a developed sense of the commonweal, to be big environmentalists. They generally see the Democrats as naive, lacking in common sense, and as being stupidly tender-hearted.They love Rush Limbaugh because he talks like them, thinks like them, and confirms their rather narrow view of the world. Although normally lethargic, Anti-Liberals can be extremely patriotic. Their patriotism is usually of the mindless “my country right or wrong” variety which is manifested more often in symbols than enlistments. Lots fly the flag in their yards, put tiny copies of the Stars and Stripes on their coat lapels, and affix yellow ribbons to the backs of their SUVs. These are the people that still think Saddam had something to do with 911 and believe that Iraq’s WMDs were all secretly shipped away to Syria. “Liberal” is, of course, a dirty word to the Anti-Liberal, although few could explain what “liberalism” is or why it is such a bad thing. Most view “liberals” as kooks – radicals that police their language, disdain their lifestyle, or espouse far left causes. The Rich keep the Anti-Liberals voting Republican by giving them occasionally paltry tax breaks, bombarding them with simplistic television news spin, characterizing Democrats as zany nutcases, and by employing wedge issues like “reverse discrimination” or bogeymen like Saddam to keep the Anti-Liberals passions fearful and aroused. More than this is seldom necessary because the most Anti-Liberals usually vote Republican no matter what happens. They always have and they simply aren’t socially engaged or committed enough to do otherwise.
5. The Heirarchs. I call this group Heirachs because another word for them, “Supremacists”, has been co-opted by the likes of the Militiamen and the Neo-Nazi Skinheads (who dislike Republicans just as much as they dislike Democrats). By Heirarchs, I mean those people that see themselves as superior to the unwashed and uneducated masses that they see as populating the Democratic party. The Republican party, being whiter and more Anglo-Saxon, is more to the Heirarch’s liking. Heirarchs are the sort of people that think Blacks are mentally inferior to whites – either inherently or because of their poor education. They likewise view Hispanics as fit only for menial labor for essentially the same reasons. Most Heirarchs do nothing to actively harm Blacks, Hispanics, or gays, but they don’t like being around them and don’t do anything to help them. They see themselves as being deservedly at the top of an economic, educational, racial, or genetic pecking-order. Helping the lower-downs in this pecking order might upset the natural order or things. Many Heirarchs are economic or social Darwinists, who believe that the poor are that way because there is something inherently inferior about them. Some Heirarchs are smarmy pundits – the self-styled aristocrats that typically occupy the Republican chair in what passes for news on evening cable TV – the sort that snigger when reference is made to Al Sharpton or Jesse Jackson. Other Heirarchs are more mundane -- the sort of people that see the neighborhood as falling apart if a black family moves in. The least educated of the Heirarchs shade off into what we usually think of as “Rednecks” -- the Bubbas that like to fly Confederate flags to irritate Blacks. Many of these kinds of Heirarchs tend to live in rural areas or in gated suburban communities – where minorities are thankfully few – as opposed to living in urban areas, where one must actually see, work with, and associate with Blacks and Hispanics first hand. Heirarchs, particularly those of the rural Redneck variety, also love their guns. Some Heirarchs, of course, are outright bigots – the dangerous sort of people that burn crosses, beat up gays, or deface Jewish cemeteries. There are fewer and fewer of these people around, thankfully, but when they vote, they certainly don’t vote Democratic. The Republican party isn’t particularly happy about Heirachs in their party. They sometimes become embarrassments. But the Rich still need their votes. That’s why you hear a lot of weasel words from Republicans about “school vouchers”, “reverse discrimination” and “enforced busing”, and the evils of “bilingual education”. Such code words have an appeal to a certain segment of the Republican constituency. Republicans know this and freely capitalize on it.
This mixed bag, in my opinion, constitutes the hard-core Republican voting bloc. These are the 30%-40% of the country that can be reliably counted upon to vote for George W. Bush (or any other Republican candidate) come hell or high water, in good times or in bad.
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