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First of all, "the south" is a varied place. That's where my family comes from, so I can give you brief glimpses into various places. Arkansas had the greatest number of Marxists of any US state prior to the 1950s. There is a very long and storied union history there, too. Texas is a mixed bag - about divided down the center. I have family there who still refer to black people as "colored" and make nasty remarks about anyone not white and heterosexual (those people, I don't talk to a lot), but I have family there as liberal as anyone in California.
The southern Appalachian region was largely non-aligned during the Civil War, due to - in part - the fact so many hillbilly folk were descended from escaped Scots-Irish slaves. One of my ancestors had to leave home to join the Confederacy, because he lived in the Carolina mountains. There's an intense distrust of the Federal government there, stemming from (a) the old revenuer days and (b) the outright theft of the Appalachian lands from countless hillbilly families during the early part of last century - creating the poor white trailer trash of myth and legend, and the Great Smoky Mountain National Park encircled by rich people estates by the dozens. There's also the factor that the infant death rate and life expectancy, to say nothing of ratio of indoor plumbing/electrical availability is similar in the hillbilly areas to a Native American reservation.
I've always wondered if there wasn't some deep concern in the right-wing that the south might one day go rabidly socialist. There's a mindset in the south which is very nearly Marxist - the old Irish idea that you "don't get above your raisin'". It's what caused Sam Walton to live in a 1600 square foot home until he died. In many regions of the south, if you are rich, you don't show it. It's just not done. Ostentatious displays of wealth are considered unseemly and even rude.
In short, I think the racist problem is only a surface one, caused by a hammerlock of a bunch of right-wing fundie bullies (the ones who popped up to "replace" the Klan) who bully everyone else into agreeing with them. My grandparents were very progressive people who encouraged their daughter (my mother) to have friends from all ethnic groups. They invited my gay cousin over to Christmas dinner when he was thrown out of his father's house when my cousin came out.
It's a mistake to try to generalize about any region. In many ways, places in the south are less racist/right-wing than Idaho, for instance.
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