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September 11, 1906
Mohandas Gandhi began a nonviolent resistance campaign in Johannesburg, South Africa, demanding rights and respect for those of Asian descent. It was the birth of his idea of Satyagraha, or passive resistance.
He led a meeting of 3000 of the town's Indians, protesting the Transvaal Asiatic Law Amendment Ordinance. That ordinance required all Asians to obey three rules: those of eight years or older had to carry passes for which they had to give their fingerprints; they would be segregated as to where they could live and work; new Asian immigration into the Transvaal would be disallowed, even for those who had left the town when the South African War broke out in 1899, and were returning.
The meeting produced the Fourth Resolution, in which all Indians resolved to go to prison rather than submit to the ordinance.
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September 11, 1973
Chile's armed forces staged a coup d'etat against the government of President Salvador Allende, the first democratically elected socialist head of state in Latin America. Some three thousand were held in Santiago's national stadium where guards singled out folksinger Victor Jara as he continued to sing protest songs. Jara was viciously beaten, and his mutilated body machine-gunned in front of the other prisoners.
Victor Jara
The U.S. government, through the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), had worked for three years to foment the coup against Allende. Striking Chilean labor unions, instrumental in destabilizing the Allende government, were secretly bankrolled by the CIA. During the brutal and repressive 17-year rule of General Augusto Pinochet that followed, more than 3,000 political opponents were assassinated or "disappeared." The U.S. backed military dictatorship banned Jara's music, image, name, and, for a time, even outlawed the public performance of the folk-guitar.
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September 11, 2002
Women In Black (WIB) Baltimore started the first Peace Path as a response to 9/11 World Trade Center attacks. The nonviolent action presented images of peace as opposed to war and militarism as a response to problems. Now in its 4th year, the path will extend for 12 miles through Baltimore. Others are beginning to create 9/11 peace paths in their own communities.
Credit: www.peacebuttons.info
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