A well-balanced and non-partisan analysis.
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Sen. Paul Sarbanes' pending retirement raises the tantalizing possibility that Maryland will soon become only the fourth state ever to send an African-American to the U.S. Senate.
Former congressman and NAACP President Kweisi Mfume has declared himself a Democratic candidate. Lt. Gov. Michael S. Steele is the most likely contender for the Republicans. A battle between two African-Americans for Maryland's first open Senate seat in 20 years would make for a major national political story in 2006.
Who would be favored in a Mfume-Steele matchup?
Maryland is a blue state where no Republican Senate candidate has broken 41 percent since 1980. Yet, despite many Democratic advantages, including the overwhelming support of African-Americans, Steele would be the favorite. The reasons why have less to do with either man's qualifications than with the dynamics of racial voting.
Democrats have dominated Maryland for so long because crossover politicians like Sarbanes, Barbara Mikulski and William Donald Schaefer have been able to satisfy the liberal and moderate wings of their party. Parris N. Glendening's narrow win in the 1994 gubernatorial race revealed the first cracks in this winning coalition, and his 1998 re-election during a surging economy masked these underlying tensions.
By 2002, Lt. Gov. Kathleen Kennedy Townsend's failure to reach well beyond the liberal wing based in Baltimore City and the nearby Washington suburbs paved the way for Robert L. Ehrlich Jr. to become Maryland's first Republican governor since Spiro Agnew.
So, the first probing question Democrats should ask Mfume is this: How will you repair that breach to build a winning majority?
Retired from electoral politics for nearly a decade, Mfume developed a national profile by reviving the NAACP. Although his NAACP presidency comforts liberal Democrats predisposed to his candidacy, that resume item will appeal far less to moderate Democrats and might even hurt him. Surely, suburban and exurban voters - not to mention more rural Democrats from Western Maryland, Southern Maryland and the Eastern Shore - will be a tough sell for Mfume, who has yet to prove he can attract votes beyond his West Baltimore base.
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If Steele ran against a formidable centrist Democrat - that would probably mean a white candidate - in the general election, he would struggle, especially if that Democrat came from the Baltimore area, the suburbs of which contain most of the state's swing voters.
Against Mfume, however, Steele has a real chance to win because he can peel away significant numbers of moderate white voters wary of voting for a liberal, black Democrat. Meanwhile, as a Republican, Steele is insulated against the wariness some white voters exhibit toward black Democrats.
But 27 percent of Marylanders are African-American, most of whom vote Democratic. Isn't that enough for Mfume? Hardly. The share of eligible, voting-age African-Americans is smaller, and the percentage of registered African-Americans who turn out is smaller still. Subtract the smattering of black Republicans, and African-American Democrats might constitute only 20 percent of the general electorate. Mfume must find another 30 percent of the electorate to win. Put another way, he needs to attract about two out of every five of the remaining, 80 percent nonblack voters. Though Townsend ran a bad campaign, Mfume would have to inspire moderates and independents who voted against her to vote for him.
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Though it's impolite to say so publicly, race remains a powerful factor in the electoral calculus of many citizens. In the NAACP-sponsored debate with Ehrlich in 2002, Townsend acknowledged this reality. The debate was held at Morgan State University, where she played to the immediate audience with racial histrionics that only generated sympathy for Ehrlich among white voters.
Having Mfume and Steele battling it out for the Senate in 2006 would put race squarely on the ballot - exactly where the Republicans want it.
http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/opinion/oped/bal-pe.senate20mar20,1,548694.story?coll=bal-oped-headlines&ctrack=1&cset=true