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Edited on Fri Jun-02-06 04:31 PM by acmavm
From: webmaster@bennelson.gov <Senator@bennelson.senate.gov>
June 2, 2006
Ms. acmavm XXXX South XXth Street Omaha, NE 681XX
Dear acmavm:
Thank you for contacting me regarding the ongoing situation in Iran. I appreciate hearing from you on this complicated issue.
As you know, on April 11, 2006, Iranian officials announced they had succeeded in enriching a small amount of uranium. The United States and our European allies have been concerned about Iran's nuclear program, which many fear is being developed for military use. Our European allies are seeking to persuade the government to stop some nuclear activities in exchange for diplomatic and economic incentives. The U.S. is also working to reduce any potential nuclear threat while finding the best way to promote democratic practices. I have been deeply concerned about the lack of democratic freedoms in Iran and the country's nuclear energy program. I believe it is essential to stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons technology. This is especially true in Iran, a country which has flouted previous nuclear obligations and has not maintained good relations with the United States.
Since 2003, according to the Congressional Research Service, inspections by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) have discovered almost two decades' worth of undeclared nuclear activities, including uranium enrichment at Iranian nuclear facilities. Great Britain, France, and Germany, with support from the Bush Administration, have negotiated with Iran to try to reduce this danger. They have sought several steps, mainly a suspension of Iran's uranium enrichment, in exchange for trade and diplomatic ties. The Iranians and Europeans signed an agreement on October 21, 2003, in which Iran pledged to suspend enrichment, detail its past nuclear activities to the IAEA, and ratify the Additional Protocol to the Non-Proliferation Treaty. Iran's failure to declare the programs and equipment uncovered by the IAEA, however, violates the 2003 accord.
On November 14, 2004, Iran pledged to suspend uranium enrichment indefinitely, pending a broad agreement with the Europeans on nuclear, diplomatic, and economic matters. Then, on May 25, 2005, the Europeans convinced Iran to extend this suspension. They were "to present Iran with detailed, step-by-step proposals by early August 2005 at the latest." Negotiations, however, broke down last August. On September 24, 2005, the IAEA declared Iran to have violated its Non-Proliferation Treaty and, following Iran's resumption of enrichment activities in January 2006, alerted the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) on February 4, 2006. The UNSC, in turn, issued a presidential statement calling upon Iran to "reinstitute its voluntary suspension of enrichment and reprocessing." Since that statement, the five permanent members of the UNSC remain in negotiations regarding the most effective solution to the situation in Iran.
I believe Iran's activities, at least for the foreseeable future, are best addressed through negotiations and sanctions. These can prevent Iran from acquiring and building nuclear materials while illustrating the benefits of fostering peaceful relations with the international community. There are currently a number of bills pertaining to Iran in both chambers of Congress; many of them, including S.Con.Res. 76, of which I am a co-sponsor, aim to condemn Iran for violations of its obligations under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty by calling for certain actions in response to such violations.
In addition, I am pleased to co-sponsor the Iran Freedom and Support Act of 2005 (S. 333), reaffirming a commitment to halt the proliferation of nuclear weapons in Iran. The bill would keep current sanctions on Iran in place until the President certified to Congress "that Iran has permanently and verifiably dismantled its weapons of mass destruction programs and has committed to combating such weapons' proliferation." The bill would also express the belief that U.S. policy should support allowing Iranians to choose their form of government and to hold a referendum, and would express the sense of Congress regarding several measures related to democracy and nuclear activities in Iran. Finally, S. 333 would allow the President to support groups, in Iran or elsewhere, which advocate democracy and nonproliferation in the country. This legislation is currently before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.
I am also proud to say that the Senate-passed Fiscal Year 2006 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense, the Global War on Terror, and Hurricane Recovery, H.R. 4939, includes approximately $35 million for democracy programs and activities for Iran. This bill is now in conference, the part of the legislative process in which designated members (conferees) from the Senate and the House of Representatives meet to reconcile the differences between our respective versions of the bill. I am hopeful this necessary funding for the people of Iran will remain in the final version of the bill.
Finally, I have heard from many Nebraskans regarding H.Con.Res. 391, which expresses the "sense of Congress" that the President should not initiate military action against Iran with respect to its nuclear program without first obtaining authorization from Congress. This resolution has currently been referred to the House International Relations Committee. Should similar legislation come before me in the Senate, I will keep your thoughts in mind. In the meantime, however, I assure you that I will continue to monitor Iran's activities closely. It is in everyone's interest to prevent nuclear weapons technology from spreading, especially to Iran.
Thank you again for contacting me with your comments. This process of government will only work with the input of concerned citizens, and I encourage you to continue sharing your thoughts and ideas.
Sincerely,
Ben Nelson U.S. Senator
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