In 1969, officials in the state's capital city raised $12.5 million to build a trash incinerator that generates electricity. Since then, officials have borrowed at least 11 more times, according to the city controller and bond documents, swelling the facility's debt to $310 million.
Investment banks, lawyers and advisers collected fees for assembling the deals, and Harrisburg guaranteed most of the debt in return for its own share of the money. Much of the proceeds from bond sales that sank the incinerator deeper into debt went to refinance old bonds and for a retrofit that went awry.
"No one knew how to say no. They just knew how to do deals," says William Cluck, who was appointed last year to the Harrisburg Authority, the public entity that owns the incinerator. "The mayor said, 'I want to do this.' And the financial advisers said, 'Here is how you do it. Now, please pay me my fees.' "
Incinerator revenue now exceeds operating expenses, and it has been praised as one of the nation's most successful waste-to-energy facilities. But business isn't good enough—and might never be—to cover debt payments. The city of about 47,000 residents also faces a cash crunch from a budget deficit.
Scrambling to avert a default, officials might sink Harrisburg even deeper into debt. The city council is scheduled to vote Tuesday night on a plan to borrow as much as $11 million. Some of the cash would be used to pay $3.3 million to bondholders by a Thursday deadline. The deal carries an interest rate that could reach 10%, according to the mayor's office.
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