part of the equation.
1) The federal elections are centrally managed and administered by a government agency (Elections Canada) that reports directly to Parliament (all elected members). Any sign of partisanship by an Elections Canada employee would lead to immediate dismissal.
2) In Canada, we maintain a permanent national register of eligible voters. It contains basic information about each person: name, address, sex and date of birth. The information in the National Register of Electors is used to produce the preliminary voters lists for federal elections, by-elections and referendums. About 20 percent of elector information changes every year.
16 % due to address changes
2 % new additions due to persons reaching 18
1 % new citizens added
1 % removed due to deaths
The data is kept current through the cooperation of many federal and provincial agencies (tax, motor vehicle, vital statistics, immigration etc) in addition to targeted mail-outs to potential eligible voters. Eligible voters not on the list may register anytime including election day.
Because of Elections Canada's extraordinary effort to maintain the National Register:
a) very few eligible voters are not registered (including first-time voters)
b) dead people do not inflate the list
c) duplicate registrations are minimized Description of the National Register of Electors
http://www.elections.ca/content.asp?section=ins&document=national&dir=nre&lang=e&textonly=falseFrequently Asked Questions (including my favourite "Is someone allowed to eat a ballot?")
http://www.elections.ca/content.asp?section=faq&document=faqvoting&lang=e&textonly=false
In Canada, You will NEVER see:
a) more ballots cast then registered voters
b) more registered voters than eligible population3) Voters are required by law to show ID and they must be on "the list". That said, we do have a provision for permitting those that may not be on the list (very small numbers) a way to cast their vote.
4) Voters mark their very simple paper ballot with pencil. The ballot is remarkably simple in comparison to US ballots in that we do not vote for the dog catcher and friends in a national election. (We hold separate provincial and municipal elections to nominate our dog catchers et al)
As you may know, we do not vote directly for a prime minister -- we vote for local district candidates (who usually belong to a party). Each province, based on population has X number of seats up for grabs. Each seat represents approximately the same number of voters. Parties may field 1 candidate for each district.
So typically for one district, we have about 4 names on the ballot -- that is it. Mark your X and your done. 5)Ballots are counted locally and and publicly (all parties have representatives present when the vote is counted)
The party with the most number of winning candidates wins the election, and their party leader becomes Prime Minister.
Of course its a bit more complicated than that, but I hope I have provided you with the essential elements.