Here is a probability analysis of vote deviations, based on
the exit poll margin of error, using Freeman's exit poll and
vote data. Exit poll and vote percentages are adjusted to the
2-party equivalent.
Freeman's data:
42 states deviated to Bush, 16 exceeded the margin of error.
Prob = 1 - NORMDIST(15,50,.025,TRUE)
Odds = 1/Prob = 1 in 19 trillion.
My data:
42 states deviated to Bush, 15 exceeded the margin of error.
Prob = 1 - NORMDIST(14,50,.025,TRUE)
Odds = 1/Prob = 1 in 1 trillion.
N = exit poll sample size
MOE = margin of error = 1/sqrt(N)
Std = standard deviation = MOE/1.96
Exit = Kerry 2-party exit poll%
Vote = Kerry 2-party vote%
Dev = Vote - Exit
Prob = probability of deviation
N MOE StD Exit Vote Dev Prob 1 in Favor >MoE?
AK 910 3.31% 1.69% 40.141 36.17 -3.97% 0.9% 106 Bush yes
AL 730 3.70% 1.89% 41.08 37.078 -4.00% 1.7% 59 Bush yes
AR 1402 2.67% 1.36% 46.931 44.74 -2.19% 5.4% 19 Bush
AZ 1859 2.32% 1.18% 46.596 45.027 -1.57% 9.2% 11 Bush
CA 1919 2.28% 1.16% 55.732 55.206 -0.53% 32.6% 3 Bush
CO 2515 1.99% 1.02% 49.072 47.349 -1.72% 4.5% 22 Bush
CT 872 3.39% 1.73% 58.474 55.237 -3.24% 3.0% 33 Bush
DC 795 3.55% 1.81% 91.633 90.632 -1.00% 29.0% 3 Bush
DE 770 3.60% 1.84% 58.439 53.817 -4.62% 0.6% 167 Bush yes
FL 2846 1.87% 0.96% 49.93 47.469 -2.46% 0.5% 199 Bush yes
GA 1536 2.55% 1.30% 43.11 41.582 -1.53% 12.0% 8 Bush
HI 499 4.48% 2.28% 53.32 54.373 1.05% 32.2% 3 Kerry
IA 2502 2.00% 1.02% 50.673 49.544 -1.13% 13.4% 7 Bush
ID 559 4.23% 2.16% 33.333 30.707 -2.63% 11.2% 9 Bush
IL 1392 2.68% 1.37% 57.131 54.993 -2.14% 5.9% 17 Bush
IN 926 3.29% 1.68% 40.97 39.456 -1.51% 18.3% 5 Bush
KS 654 3.91% 2.00% 34.602 36.97 2.37% 11.8% 9 Kerry
KY 1034 3.11% 1.59% 40.755 39.994 -0.76% 31.6% 3 Bush
LA 1669 2.45% 1.25% 44.495 42.626 -1.87% 6.7% 15 Bush
MA 889 3.35% 1.71% 66.463 62.701 -3.76% 1.4% 72 Bush yes
MD 1000 3.16% 1.61% 57.038 56.249 -0.79% 31.2% 3 Bush
ME 1968 2.25% 1.15% 54.834 54.479 -0.36% 37.9% 3 Bush
MI 2452 2.02% 1.03% 52.551 51.734 -0.82% 21.4% 5 Bush
MN 2178 2.14% 1.09% 54.612 51.764 -2.85% 0.5% 218 Bush yes
MO 2158 2.15% 1.10% 47.475 46.327 -1.15% 14.8% 7 Bush
MS 798 3.54% 1.81% 43.203 39.906 -3.30% 3.4% 29 Bush
MT 640 3.95% 2.02% 39.282 39.505 0.22% 45.6% 2 Kerry
NC 2167 2.15% 1.10% 47.312 43.715 -3.60% 0.1% 1939 Bush yes
ND 649 3.93% 2.00% 33.577 36.086 2.51% 10.5% 10 Kerry
NE 785 3.57% 1.82% 36.541 32.533 -4.01% 1.4% 72 Bush yes
NH 1849 2.33% 1.19% 55.495 50.684 -4.81% 0.0% 39823 Bush yes
NJ 1520 2.56% 1.31% 56.126 53.127 -3.00% 1.1% 91 Bush yes
NM 1951 2.26% 1.16% 51.343 49.416 -1.93% 4.8% 21 Bush
NV 2116 2.17% 1.11% 50.66 48.666 -1.99% 3.6% 28 Bush
NY 1452 2.62% 1.34% 63.965 58.793 -5.17% 0.0% 17833 Bush yes
OH 1963 2.26% 1.15% 52.06 48.749 -3.31% 0.2% 495 Bush yes
OK 1539 2.55% 1.30% 34.727 34.438 -0.29% 41.2% 2 Bush
OR 1064 3.07% 1.56% 51.223 51.969 0.75% 31.7% 3 Kerry
PA 1930 2.28% 1.16% 54.408 51.13 -3.28% 0.2% 420 Bush yes
RI 809 3.52% 1.79% 64.237 60.482 -3.76% 1.8% 55 Bush yes
SC 1735 2.40% 1.22% 45.785 41.305 -4.48% 0.0% 7851 Bush yes
SD 1495 2.59% 1.32% 37.417 39.088 1.67% 10.3% 10 Kerry
TN 1774 2.37% 1.21% 41.153 42.78 1.63% 9.0% 11 Kerry
TX 1671 2.45% 1.25% 36.838 38.49 1.65% 9.3% 11 Kerry
UT 798 3.54% 1.81% 29.93 27.061 -2.87% 5.6% 18 Bush
VA 1431 2.64% 1.35% 47.959 45.649 -2.31% 4.3% 23 Bush
VT 685 3.82% 1.95% 65.686 60.336 -5.35% 0.3% 330 Bush yes
WA 2123 2.17% 1.11% 55.066 53.598 -1.47% 9.2% 11 Bush
WI 2223 2.12% 1.08% 50.214 50.199 -0.02% 49.4% 2 Bush
WV 1722 2.41% 1.23% 45.194 43.477 -1.72% 8.1% 12 Bush
WY 684 3.82% 1.95% 32.072 29.704 -2.37% 11.2% 9 Bush
Avg 1,443 2.85% 1.46% 48.840 47.002 -1.84% 10.34% 10 16