http://www.nytimes.com/2005/02/19/opinion/19hill.html?thSchwarzenegger vs. Gerrymander
Steven Hill, a fellow at the New America Foundation, is the author of "Fixing Elections: The Failure of America's Winner-Take-All Politics."
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Governor Schwarzenegger and others are proposing that redistricting be taken out of the hands of the incumbents and given to an independent body, like a panel of impartial retired judges. Yet several states already use independent commissions, and the results are not encouraging.
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Not that there aren't plenty of Democrats living in mostly Republican areas (and vice versa) - as well as independents and third-party supporters all over. It's just that they are "orphaned voters" whose candidates almost never win. But it's not because of redistricting. It's because regional partisan demographics are exaggerated by the method by which California elects its representatives - the single-seat-district, winner-take-all electoral system.
It may well be that California's electoral system, like the rest of America's, has reached its endgame. Our current politics are as good as they are going to be as long as we continue to use an antiquated method that is so ill suited for the new California and its wide range of attitudes, demographics and geographic regions.
We can't change where people choose to live, but we can begin using some type of proportional representation system. For example, California could use a system like that in Peoria, Ill., for municipal elections. Instead of electing 40 state senators from 40 districts, voters in 10 districts could elect four senators each. Any candidate who won at least a quarter of the vote would earn a seat. These districts would be far more likely to be bipartisan, even electing some urban Republicans and rural Democrats.