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Coming from the standpoint of a believer who is a scientific-evolutionist and a skeptic, I like to approach the Bible from a scientific/archaeological approach.
To your point:
The Time article was interesting, but, as with Biblical scholarship, their is a lot of disagreement about how words, etc. have been translated, transliterated, and edited over hundreds and thousands of years. The important thing is to discern the meaning. On helpful point when reading the Old Testament, is that historians of pre-modern times were not date/literalists like we are now. They wrote from a viewpoint of importance. That is one reason stories jump around in the Bible, numbers are more symbolic, hyperbole is added to stories (read around David), and style and format are similar to the styles and formats of writings of nearby cultures.
Regarding the creation story, there are 2 different creation stories in the Bible. The first is the one we all know and love (day 1, day 2, etc.) The second takes a different approach to the story, a more Yahwistic or priestly view. I don't have the time at the moment to go into too much detail. (I don't believe in Bible literalism, one could argue for days as to the meaning of specific words, etc., so any literalist argument has troubles (look at all the differing translations, etc.).
One could also read this to being there were 2 creations. One was manking and the other Man. (mankind could be all of our close cousins, the evolutionary process that eventually gets to Man).
The importance, though of that story is to show the importance and difference of Man (in the unified sense, not the "male" sense), and his relation to God.
to answer your general questions, the nutshell of God (as I see it), is God created everything, including the supernatural (angels, etc.) and natural order. God wanted to be loved by choice (free-will), so he created mankind. When mankind turned away from God, they got trapped in non-God (sin, the Devil, etc.). God so loved his creation, that he kep giving him chance, after chance, after chance, ad infinitum to come to him by his own free will. Eventually, as mankind progressed as a race, he was able to fulfill his eventual redemtion plan for mankind by coming down to earth in human form (Jesus). This gave people hope in a time when they had none, and (watch several of the A&E or Discover Channel shows on early Christianity) the religion flourished in a time/place when it probably should have been destroyed (suppression).
This way oversimplifies, but kind of nutshells it. I would love to discuss more later, if you wish.
BTW: I love the Jerusalem Bible (not the New Jerusalem Bible, though).
Does this answer some of your questions?
Thanks, -Brent
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