|
Edited on Tue Jun-07-05 02:22 AM by Dcitizen
It is said that the Holy Mother gave the rosary to St. Dominic (1170-1221), the founder of the Dominican order. Although Dominicans have been great promoters of the rosary down through history, the rosary as we know it today took several centuries to develop, and its route was nothing if not circuitous.
The ultimate source of the rosary as a prayer form is the Book of Psalms in the Bible, writes Dominican Father Frederick M. Jelly, in Madonna: Mary in the Catholic Tradition. From the very beginning, the Church claimed the psalms as part of its Jewish heritage and placed their recitation at the heart of its liturgy and daily prayer. The practice of praying an Our Father instead of a psalm caught on in the early medieval period, and this marked the birth of the rosary devotion. "In order to keep count of the prayers," Father Jelly writes, "strings of beads were used, and these would gradually become our rosary beads."
Soon, to each of the 150 Our Fathers people began to add a short phrase about Jesus and Mary, thus linking vocal prayer to contemplation of the mysteries of the faith. Then, they substituted brief meditations on Jesus and Mary from the Annunciation to the Resurrection of Jesus and the Assumption of Mary.
According to Father Jelly, in the early 15th century a Carthusian monk, Dominic of Prussia, helped to popularize this devotion by linking 50 Hail Marys with 50 phrases about Jesus and Mary. "This is the origin of the word rosary, since the series of 50 points of meditation was called a rosarium (rose garden)." The rose, a symbol of joy, referred to Mary, and "rosary" came to refer to the recitation of 50 Hail Marys.
About the same time, another Carthusian, Henry Kalkar, contributed further to the development of the rosary by organizing the Hail Marys into groups of ten (decades), with an Our Father before each.
By 1480, rosaries of 50 mysteries, one for each Hail Mary, had been reduced to 5 mysteries, one for each decade. "In 1483," Father Jelly writes, "Our Dear Lady's Psalter, a rosary book by a Dominican, makes mention of 15 mysteries, all of which are the same as we have today except the final two glorious mysteries." The anonymous Dominican author combined Mary's Assumption and Coronation into one mystery and named the Last Judgment as the final glorious mystery.
In 1521, Alberto de Costello, another Dominican, was the first to use the term "mystery" to refer to the meditations for each decade of the rosary. He attached a mystery to each of the 15 Our Fathers while retaining 150 sub-mysteries for each Hail Mary.
During the 16th century, the 15-decade rosary became quite popular, and in 1470 still another Dominican, Blessed Alan de la Roche, founded the Confraternity of the Psalter of Jesus and Mary, which contributed enormously to the rosary's popularity.
www.stisidore-yubacity.org/rosaryhistory.htm
|