in an infant/toddler? (on edit I found some information below.)
To my understanding, the primary concern regarding so called small amounts in various products, is due to the potential impact on DNA?
THE TOXICOLOGY OF FORMALDEHYDE - Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs report, indicates -
Formaldehyde appears to be capable of binding to DNA, a well known mechanism by which chemicals cause cancer. Formaldehyde appears to be both an initiator and a late stage cancer causing chemical.http://www.sciencemag.org/content/220/4593/216.abstractCultured bronchial epithelial and fibroblastic cells from humans were used to study DNA damage and toxicity caused by formaldehyde. Formaldehyde caused the formation of cross-links between DNA and proteins, caused single-strand breaks in DNA, and inhibited the resealing of single-strand breaks produced by ionizing radiation. Formaldehyde also inhibited the unscheduled DNA synthesis that occurs after exposure of cells to ultraviolet irradiation or to benzopyrene diolexpoxide but at doses substantially higher than those required to inhibit the resealing of x-ray-induced single-strand breaks. Therefore, formaldehyde could exert its mutagenic and carcinogenic effects by both damaging DNA and inhibiting DNA repair.
I was able to find this snippet.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0165121883900800Abstract
We have found formaldehyde to be mutagenic for human cells in culture. At concentrations above 130 μM or 4 parts per million by weight (2 h exposure at 37°C), formaldehyde induces the appearance of F3TdR-resistant mutants in the diploid human lymphoblastoid TK6 line. This finding suggests but does not prove that formaldehyde is a mutagenic hazard for humans.Along with the following statement from Jack Thrasher, Ph.D. Toxicologist, Immunotoxicologist, Fetal toxicologist
Recent peer reviewed published research has demonstrated some pertinent information. It has demonstrated that certain genes are responsible for the metabolism and detoxification of formaldehyde. Some humans have abnormalities in these genes and are more susceptible to the adverse effects of formaldehyde. Therefore, there can be no safe standards. The so called 0.1 ppm by various agencies will have be reduced to account for this genetic variability in humans. ~ Jack Thrasher, Ph.D.
Obviously not everyone is impacted by exposure to the same chemicals in the same amounts. So (cancer aside) why not find an alternative now that we know formaldehyde can be dangerous?
Note page 345 indicates that small amount of formaldehyde (0.05ppm in some cases) can produce neurophysiological effects.
http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/twelfth/2009/November/Formaldehyde_BD_Final.pdf