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The most common, best studied one is a white bean extract that blocks alpha-amylase, an enzyme in saliva and pancreatic excretions that breaks down complex carbohydrates. So they pass through, undigested by you. Unfortunately they aren't always undigested by your resident bacterial community. A couple of more obscure ones have health questions. Google gives poor results, with one marginally useful result per twenty or thirty sales sites.
Appetite suppressants are a different approach - do you want to not eat, or eat and not gain weight?
The "best written" summary I found, - most others agree in principle - is actually just a guy from a mixed martial arts forum: "They work but NOWHERE near as how they are advertised. and you are going to be getting NASTY bloats and shits and you stomach aches just to block a few grams of carbs"
If you don't digest them, they ferment in your gut. If you eat a massive quantity of them because it's the holidays, and you don't digest them... kaboom. Results vary widely, based largely on intestinal flora. The worst results are spectacular, in a way that you really don't want to be. But some people seem to have no trouble.
Personally I think you'd get as good results from eating really fast, which means that saliva doesn't contribute, and using something like Metamucil to keep it all moving through really fast. But if you're going to be eating for a whole month, I don't think there's any avoiding gaining weight except not eating it, or working it off. It's a great time of year for hiking - the weather is spectacular and the cold burns up more calories.
One thing that works, demonstrated by thousands of studies, and was widely prescribed in the seventies for weight loss, is amphetamines. Little white diet pills. Speed. Any form, from meth to Benzedrine to Adderall. It all works the same. There are side effects, though.
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