http://seedmagazine.com/content/article/acupuncture_real_or_sham/"Several members of my family have tried acupuncture and had great results. My mom quit smoking; my stepfather’s bad back improved. You’ve probably heard similar stories from friends or family. You might even have had success with acupuncture yourself.
Yet the science behind acupuncture is dubious. It’s difficult to properly control an acupuncture study because its practitioners—and those receiving treatment—are heavily invested in the results. In a Norwegian study of acupuncture as treatment for hot flashes during menopause, 80 out of 535 volunteers dropped out because they were randomly assigned to the “no treatment” group. As Euan Lawson, a general practitioner in Cumbria, UK, explained in his analysis of the research, acupuncture is quite popular in Norway, with nearly a third of the population having received the treatment at some point in their lifetimes. With this level of popular acceptance of acupuncture, it’s no wonder that a small apparent benefit was found: The women who received acupuncture reported experiencing slightly fewer hot flashes than those who remained in the randomly assigned “self-treatment” group. This result is easily explained as a placebo effect: The women and their practitioners both want the treatment to work and believe it will, so therefore it does, albeit only very slightly.
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So, one might ask, if this research has so many limitations, how does it get published at all? Doesn’t it get subjected to peer review? The answer, of course, is that it does, but peer review isn’t perfect. One report this year suggested that many of the greatest scientific discoveries in history wouldn’t have made it through peer review (though Anne-Marie Deitering’s blog post about the article disputes that notion). Another demonstrates that reviewers themselves are biased. It may be better to consider peer review a baseline: Peer-reviewed work is usually serious science, worthy at least of more discussion and investigation. But a single peer-reviewed work doesn’t confirm a finding as permanent scientific truth—it’s a starting point for an ever-evolving conversation.
And in the case of the acupuncture research, what seems to be most important to reviewers is continuing the discussion of what’s still a commonly accepted practice, regardless of how difficult to design the experiments are.
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Repetitive pilot studies comparing acupuncture to already fairly dubious treatments aside, this is the state of the literature in terms of efficacy for acupuncture. Then again, a full look at those pilot studies (in regard to hot flashes, but also other areas) shows that the single study that compared acupuncture to that fairly dubious treatment (venlafaxine) is far outweighed by other studies.
http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/?p=3314:hi: