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..... which floats to the top of a strained stock and catches the small bits that make stock cloudy.
You're right about not cooking a stock fast. Cloudiness will result from fast cooking (boiling instead of simmering) or from cooking a given type of stock too long. (Beef stock can go for 24 hours or more. Fish stock takes far, far less time.)
Any stock can be clarified by making a raft. The raft can be made after a stock is fully developed and the solids all removed. This liquid will now have all the flavor and, depending on type, some fat, too. A good general purpose raft includes egg whites, the meat (if a meat stock), vegetables and seasonings of the original stock. Start with the stock being fully chilled. Add the raft ingredients, and allow the whole thing to again heat, but very slowly. The raft will form from the new (raft) ingredients and float to the top. (In classic - Escoffier's day - French cuisine, the raft included beef blood, even in non beef stocks.) When the raft floats to the top and is reasonably solidified, turn off the fire. (Note, never allow to boil. Boiling will break the raft apart or prevent it from forming in the first place.)
Now here's the tricky part. You need to get the liquid out without breaking the raft. Old fashioned stock pots had spigots at the bottom to allow the stock to be drawn off. So be sure you used that spigoted stock pot you got for Christmas ...... what? .... you didn't get one? Mmmmmmmmm .........
Actually, just be careful and tilt the stock pot to allow the raft to float out of the way a bit and ladle off the stock below it. If you're strong and brave, or have a helper, you can do this same thing but just pour off the liquid into another container and leave the raft intact.
A final strain through cheesecloth may be needed, but you'll have crystal clear stock as your reward.
Note - some people just add the egg white to their other ingredients (when everything is still cold, of course) when making the original stock. This gives a raft right from the start. Some bones, of course, may not lift in any raft, but a long cooking stock will pretty much clean the bones anyhow so you'll still have a reasonably clear stock that a pass through cheese cloth should be all ya need.
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