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steam temperature inside, so you can cook stuff faster and hotter than in an ordinary pot, with less water, and in many cases you actually steam the food the food rather than simmering it in liquid. Because the pot is pretty much sealed, you also don't boil nearly as much of the aroma away
The usual use is to speed up cooking time, by getting the food much hotter, but I sometimes use mine to produce a longer cook. For example, for a pot roast, I may put a block of frozen round in the pressure cooker, with a bit of water, then bring it up to pressure and just turn it off and let it cool completely for several hours, and repeat this cycle several times, adding my carrots and potatoes and onions before the second or maybe the third cycle: this can produce either a very moist or a very dry roast (depending on the amount of water), some nice gravy, and vegetables that are infused with meat juice to the core
With chicken or turkey, pressure cooking approach can disintegrate all the smaller bones and will convert most or all of the cartilage to gelatin in solution: refrigerating the broth will leave some solid grease on top of a jelly that melts into liquid well below serving temperature, so I yank off the grease and use the jellied aspic when making the broth or gravy
Now re: Those things scare the heck out of me
It was necessary to be careful with the early pressure cookers, since if the value got clogged it was possible for them to explode. Later models got increasing layers of redundant safety features. The large one that I bought last summer has several different ways to prevent the pressure from becoming too high: first, there is the pressure rocker on the stem in the middle of the lid, which allows steam to escape whenever the pressure exceeds the desired amount; if one does not allow the stem to become clogged, this alone should be enough to prevent problems; but if there is excess pressure, there is a second mechanical pressure release valve built into the lid; and if that second valve fails, the gasket is supposedly designed to push out and release pressure if the pressure gets too high
The other primary safety issue is that one simply must not open the pressure cooker while it still contains pressured steam, since you can get ugly burns from that. This is mostly a matter of allowing the cooker to cool until the pressure rocker on the stem can be lifted slightly (say, by fork) without steam escaping under pressure, after which the pressure rocker can be removed safely. Since the liquid inside may still be superheated, I usually wait another few minutes before removing the lid. Sometimes people like to sit the cooker in a cold water bath to hasten cooling before removing the pressure rocker and opening the lid. The large one that I bought last summer has an additional safety feature in this regard: a pressure latch in the handle locks the lid on when the internal pressure is high.
I've been using pressure cookers for decades and have never had any problems, though when I was a kid I remember the mothers of two different friends did get painful superficial steam burns by opening cookers before the pressure went down inside. I think that was the sort of mistake no one ever made twice. Before I realized that the liquid inside a cooker might still be superheated after the steam pressure went down, I did once have the contents boil over when I removed the lid; but this is easy to avoid by just waiting a bit longer to take off the lid after the pressure rocker has been removed or by using a cold water bath
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