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Edited on Thu Mar-03-11 05:30 PM by eilen
A cosmic ash tree, Yggdrasill, lies at the center of the Norse cosmos. Three roots drink the waters of the homeworlds, one in the homeworld of the gods, the Æsir, one in the homeworld of the giants, the Jǫtnar, and one in the homeworld of the dead. Beneath the root in the world of the frost giants is the spring of Mimir, whose waters contain wisdom and understanding.<1>
The root in the Æsir homeworld taps the sacred wellspring of fate, the Well of Urðr. The tree is tended by the Norns, who live near it. Each day, they water it with pure water and whiten it with clay from the spring to preserve it. The water falls down to the earth as dew.
Animals continually feed on the tree, threatening it, but its vitality persists evergreen as it heals and nourishes the vibrant aggression of life.<2> On the topmost branch of the tree sits an eagle. The beating of its wings cause the winds in the world of men. At the root of the tree lies a great serpent, Niðhǫggr, gnawing at it continuously. The squirrel Ratatosk carries insults from one to the other. Harts and goats devour the branches and tender shoots.
Nine Homeworlds
The phrase 'nine homeworlds' is Níu Heimar in Old Norse. Relating to another term heima meaning 'home' or 'homestead', the term heimr means a 'place of abode' in the sense of a homeland or 'region', or in a larger sense a 'world'.<5> These nine homeworlds include the earth, called Miðgarðr, the homeworld where humans as a family dwell.
Poetic Edda
Thus there are at least six worlds, each being the homeworld of a particular family of beings. Inferrably, they correspond to the following place names mentioned elsewhere in the Poetic Edda and Prose Edda.
1. Menn (humans): Manheimr (see Miðgarðr). 2. Aesir (gods): Ásaheimr (see Ásgarðr). 3. Vanir (gods): Vanaheimr. 4. Jötnar (giants): Jötunheimr. 5. Álfar (elves): Álfheimr. 6. Náir (corpses, the other world of the dead): Hel.
The homeworld of the Dvergar is missing from the above list. Elsewhere, the poem mentions the Dvergar separately from the other families of beings. For example, Alvíssmál 14 lists the Dvergar as distinct from the Álf. Moreover the two place names, Álfheimr and Svartálfaheimr, confirm there are two separate heimar or 'homeworlds', one for each family. The byname Svartálfar or 'Black Elves' refers to the Dvergar.<6> and likewise Svartálfaheimr or the 'Homeworld of the Black Elves' is the home of the dwarf Brokkr (Skáldskaparmál 46). Alternatively, the home of the Dvergar is called Niðavellir or the 'Downward Fields' (Völuspá 37). Thus, these families of beings mentioned in the poem Alvíssmál are identified with seven of the nine homeworlds.<7>
7. Svartálfar (Dark Elves, Dvergar, Døkkálfar): Svartálfaheimr.
Seven homeworlds for seven families of beings. The last two of the homeworlds are less certain. Usually, the list adds the primordial realms of the elements of ice and fire, counting them as 'homeworlds'.<8><9> The place name of the element of ice, Niflheimr, means the arctic 'Mist Homeworld', suggesting it is one of the Nine 'Homeworlds'.
8. Primordial element of Ice: Niflheimr. 9. Primordial element of Fire: Muspellsheimr.
A tenth "heimr" can be found in Grímnismál and Gylfaginning; Glaðsheimr, the location of Valhalla. But it is usually considered to be within Ásaheimr, or ignored altogether.
I find this interesting as lately I have been struck with many parallels and synergies in religion, legend, fable and fairytale. Prayers sound like spells, the heavy messaging I was getting at a work inservice thing (I work for a Catholic institution). Notably "Brother and Sister" the intention of behaving as if each patient was a relative (uncle, aunt,) the story of a shamanistic ritual required for the survivors of a patient who had passed away; the discussion of the sacred within every person. The imagery that is used (so pagan, thinly veiled). As well I have completed watching Pillars of the Earth in which the currupt Church officials are exposed and how easily people are manipulated and led using their faith as a tool. Anyway, enough stream of consiousness I just wanted to share my thoughts about this as I have been having an ongoing discussion with my son regarding these themes. The most recent is whether he thinks of the possiblity of giants and dragons walking the earth in times before antiquity as they are in legend, fairy tale, bible, greek and norse mythology, Eastern mythology etc. He thinks not because of lack of fossil evidence. He is very interested in a paper he is writing on creationism vs. evolution.
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