Ben Goldacre points out, in his book
Bad Science (highly recommended), that anti-vax scares are surprisingly regional:
Before we begin, it's worth taking a moment to look at vaccine scares around the world, because I'm always struck by how circumscribed these panics are, and how poorly they propagate themselves in different soils. The MMR and autism scare, for example, is practically non-existent outside Britain, even in Europe and America. But throughout the 1990s France was in the grip of a scare that hepatitis B vaccine caused multiple sclerosis (it wouldn't surprise me if I was the first person to tell you that).
In the US, the major vaccine fear has been around the use of a preservative called thiomersal, although somehow this hasn't caught on here, even though the same preservative was used in Britain. And in the 1970s - since the past is another country too - there was a widespread concern in the UK, driven again by a single doctor, that whooping-cough vaccine was causing neurological damage.
He describes several other localised panics, and concludes:
The diversity and isolation of these anti-vaccination panics helps to illustrate the way in which they reflect local political and social concerns more than a genuine appraisal of the risk data: because if the vaccine for hepatitis B, or MMR, or polio, is dangerous in one country, it should be equally dangerous everywhere on the planet; and if those concerns were genuinely grounded in the evidence, especially in an age of the rapid propagation of information, you would expect the concerns to be expressed by journalists everywhere. They're not.
the anti-vaccine woo is a feature of other countries besides the USA, and has gone on before 2007Yup. Goldacre quotes a paragraph from
Scientific American in 1888, about an anti-vax panic in Switzerland in that decade which led to a resurgence of smallpox.