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The test for both are the same on the issue of Disability, i.e. if you are disabled for SSI you are disabled for Social Security Disability. The difference is how other income into the family is counted. SSI is presently set at $674 dollars per month (with most states supplementing that amount by $20 on up) but is reduced by any other income the the family is receiving for the same month. Social Security Disability looks only at your work history and set the amount of benefits on what you paid into Social Security. Notice the difference, SSI is a set amount reduced by any other income, Social Security Disability is a set amount based on your work history (i.e. Social Security Disability is NOT reduced by your husband's income, while any SSI is).
I mention this for many people confuse these two programs for both are run by Social Security, but the funding source is different (Social Security Taxes pay for Social Security Disability, General Revenues i.e. Income Taxes pays for SSI).
The issue of disability is the same for both programs, i.e. are you capable of working? If no, then you are eligible for both programs IF you meet the NON-disability requirements (i.e. Paid into Social Security, OR the income restrictions for SSI below).
SSI for a couple is set at 1 1/2 of the value of a Single person i.e. $1011 per year. This is the first step in determining Income eligibility. The second step is to determine your spouses source of Income (Is it "Earned" or "unearned income"). Since your Husband is working his income is "Earned Income". You take his gross income for the month (NOT his take home, his Gross income i.e. before taxes) then subtract $30, then you subtract 1/3 of the remainder (This is called the $30 and a 1/3 rule). The remaining amount is then used to reduce the SSI amount for a couple on a dollar for dollar basis starting at the $1011 SSI grant amount for a Couple.
Basically if your husband's Income is more the $1546 a month you are NOT eligible for SSI.
i.e. $1546-30=1516 1/3 of $1516=$505.26, thus you must subtract $505.36 from the $1516 income which equals $1010.74, but if your Husband earns $1547 less $30 equals $1517, 1/3 of $1517 is $505.67. $517 less $505.67 equals $1011.33, which exceeds the $1011 SSI amount for a couple.
Now, in addition to Income Restrictions you have asset restrictions when it comes to SSI (But NOT for Social Security Disability). The asset limit for a couple is $3000 PLUS the house they are living in (No matter the cost or if it is 100% paid for), one car (If needed for Medical treatment, which is about anywhere with the possible exception of New York City) AND household goods (i.e. whatever is in your home, no matter the price).
Now I did NOT go into the details of the Physical requirements of Disability for SSI or Social Security Disability for they are very detailed BUT I give you a word of advice, provide Social Security Every place you have sought medical treatment NO MATTER HOW LONG AGO, for something in the past MAY mention you present problems. Social Security can NOT rule you disabled without some sort of Medical evidence to support the decision you are disabled. Secondarily, if you are denied (and most people going for depression are) appeal immediately, do NOT wait to see an attorney, just file the appeal and then look for an attorney. I have had several clients come into my office AFTER the end of the 60 day appeal period because they thought only an attorney can file the appeal. In Social Security the appeal (Technically a Request for a Hearing) is a one page form that you just have to fill out with your name and address and return to Social Security. Just a word of warning, file the appeal as soon as you get the denial.
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