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I don't really know a good source of the history there, as what I know came from summaries in the Sri Lanka travel books and from my daughter's explanations. The short story there is that there are two main ethnic groups, the Sinhalese, who are mostly Buddhist and the Tamils, who are mostly Hindu. There are also Christians and Moslems, but they are much smaller groups and they were essentially neutral or allied with the dominant group.
Under the British, the Tamils, about 30%, were the ones educated and the ones with civil service jobs. Before the British left, the country was set up to be a democracy - and the Sinhalese of course gained the power. (It appears that a standard British empire method to favor the minority.) There has been a civil war since then, hotter, often brutal, at some times. Last year, the Tamil Tigers, who were a brutal group that killed most competing Tamil leadership as well as fighting the Sinhalese were defeated. The Tamils fought for a separate country.
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