hearing. It is
http://foreign.senate.gov/hearings/hearing/?id=d8605299-5056-a032-5273-667a814db0c8">quite interesting. Most of Sen. Kerry's allies and favorite guests on the subject of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq are telling him that the timeline itself is the problem. This is a huge problem for Sen. Kerry. The good Senator has argued that setting a deadline will force action on the positive side and create urgency. Dr. Kilcullen and Amb. Crocker are saying that the Afghans will wait us out, as they have historically waited out other invaders from Alexander the Great on down.
The point for Americans is to neutralize a threat in that region to American security. This is a legitimate concern, given the history of that area and the fact that 9/11 was plotted from that country. We can't retreat and we can't move forward. Dr. Kilcullen gives 4 reasons for why Afghnistan is not improving; he blames it on a cycle of instability:
Afghanistan is experiencing a cycle of increasing instability and violence, with four
key drivers:
(1) Corruption and criminality in the government, societal elites and the
international assistance effort, which enables and encourages
(2) bad behavior by government officials and power-brokers, which in turn
creates
(3) popular rage and disillusionment, which empowers the insurgency.
(4) The war against the insurgents creates opportunities and incentives for
corruption and criminality, driving the cycle onward.
The problem is huge. I have grave doubts that America has the ability to turn this around. I don't think we have the troops or the trained and specialized personnel to do what we need to do. Perhaps more bribes in Pakistan are needed. (I bet we sell them more drones.)
BTW, I love the cultural exchange program that Sen. Kerry has proposed. Exactly the right thing to do.
He also identifies 4 critical areas to look at:
We are currently experiencing four major problems in Afghanistan, most of which are
well-known and of long standing.
At the political level, our most critical problem is the credibility, viability and
legitimacy of the Afghan government. In this form of warfare you are only as good
as the government you are supporting, and this is a government which lacks
credibility in the eyes of many Afghans, lacks legitimacy in the eyes of many in the
international community, and therefore needs extremely substantial reform if it is to
be a viable partner.
At the strategic level, the critical problem is the timeline – the anticipated July 2011
deadline to begin handing over control for security to the Afghan government. This
deadline makes every other problem a crisis, it prompts the Afghan population to sit
on the fence because they believe we are leaving and they fear being targeted by
the Taliban once we leave, it undermines confidence on the part of the Karzai
government and so encourages disunity and the seeking of peace terms with the
Taliban, it creates a fear of abandonment on the part of the Northern Alliance
commanders which may encourage thoughts of civil war or secession, it encourages
us to continue seeking short-term, quick-fix solutions, and it is deeply damaging to
economic confidence.
At the operational level, the key problem is the continuing active safe haven in
Pakistan for the Afghan Taliban. Unless this safe haven begins to be seriously
addressed, the Taliban can survive tactical defeat in Afghanistan, retreat to their safe
haven and await a favorable opportunity to return to the fight once we leave.
At the tactical level, the key problem remains lack of resources: the lack of sufficient
troop numbers (especially Afghan troop numbers) to provide permanent security
presence to the bulk of the population, the lack of good-quality police, the lack of
local civilian officials who are both competent and locally legitimate, lack of certain
key military enablers and civilian specialists.
All these problems must be addressed as a matter of extreme urgency if we wish to
turn the campaign around. All these problems, with the exception of the timeline, are
long-standing issues in the campaign. And all these problems will require
congressional leadership of a very high order.