International Women's Day
International Women's Day (8 March) is an occasion marked by women's groups around the world. This date is also commemorated at the United Nations and is designated in many countries as a national holiday. When women on all continents, often divided by national boundaries and by ethnic, linguistic, cultural, economic and political differences, come together to celebrate their Day, they can look back to a tradition that represents at least nine decades of struggle for equality, justice, peace and development.
International Women's Day is the story of ordinary women as makers of history; it is rooted in the centuries-old struggle of women to participate in society on an equal footing with men. In ancient Greece, Lysistrata initiated a sexual strike against men in order to end war; during the French Revolution, Parisian women calling for "liberty, equality, fraternity" marched on Versailles to demand women's suffrage.
The idea of an International Women's Day first arose at the turn of the century, which in the industrialized world was a period of expansion and turbulence, booming population growth and radical ideologies. Following is a brief chronology of the most important events:
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http://www.un.org/ecosocdev/geninfo/women/womday97.htmInternational Women’s Day has retained much of the political focus and vitality that marked its inception over eighty years ago. The official holiday had its modest beginnings in 1908. That year in the U.S., the Socialist Party appointed a Women's National Committee to Campaign for the Suffrage. After meeting, this Committee recommended that the Socialist Party set aside a day every year to campaign to women's right to vote, a big step for socialists and one welcomed by women working for suffrage. (Socialists in the U.S. were not as rare in the early 1900s as they are today.)
With Pressure mounting to support women's rights, socialist parties began to respond affirmatively. On March 8, 1908, Branch No. 3 of the New York City Social Democratic Women's Society sponsored a mass meeting on women's rights. Then, in 1909, American socialist agreed to designate the last Sunday in February as National Women's Day; that year and the next, socialist women throughout the U.S. held mass meetings.
In May 1910, at the national Congress of the Socialist Party, the Women's National Commission recommended that the Last Sunday in February be recognized as International Women’s Day. In Copenhagen, at the Conference of Socialist Women that August, Luise Zietz proposed internationalizing the American Woman's Day. The dynamic German socialist leader and fighter for women's rights, Clara Zetkin, seconded the proposal, and it passed unanimously among the women as it did a few days later in the general International Socialist Congress. As so International Women’s Day was born.
The day had been named, but a date was never specified. Consequently, until 1917, International Women’s Day was celebrated on different days throughout the world. In the U.S., International Women’s Day continued to be celebrated in February. Internationally, the day provided an opportunity to highlight the movements for woman suffrage and peace.
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http://www.nwhp.org/events/iwd/iwd.html