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I have heard the analysis that the global supply of labor and products eliminated the threat of inflation, but that analysis was developed during the high employment era of the late Clinton administration. The concern was that with very, very low unemployment and a thriving economy, there would be pressure towards inflation. In other words, inflation occurs when, according to the cliche, there is too much money chasing too few goods. People with money would bid up the price of goods, leading to inflation. Greenspan reasoned, correctly, that with a global economy and global supply of goods, there would never be shortages of goods (the Chinese could supply the goods) and therefore there was no risk of inflation. That's why the Clinton administration was not afraid to pursue a "full employment" policy. Jeez, I remember when times were so good, that corporate employers were recruiting in New York's inner city, and when they still needed more workers, the NY Times reported, they were recruiting workers from prisons and mental institutions!
The inflation risk we face today is altogether different. It is that with our massive federal deficits and trade deficits, we are basically exporting nothing but dollars and treasury bills. If the foreign purchasers of dollars and tbills become worried about our ability to repay those debts, they may sell dollars and invest instead in Euros, Yen and Yuan. The value of the dollar compared to other currencies would decline causing prices of good purchased from overseas sources to rise in comparison. That would set off inflation within the US.
Note well, that globalization was the reason inflation would not occur during the Clinton era, but globalization would the be source that inflation would occur under the debt ridden Bush era.
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